تاثیر لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم بر ترکیب‏ شیمیایی، ویژگی‏های‏ تخمیر، پایداری‏ هوازی و گوارش‏پذیری آزمایشگاهی سیلاژ ذرت در مراحل برداشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‏آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران،

2 استادیار بخش علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران،

3 بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران،

چکیده

چکیده
سابقه و هدف: امروزه روش‏های گوناگونی برای کاهش اتلاف مواد غذایی در سیلو وجود دارد که یکی از این روش‏ها افزودن باکتری‏های مولد اسید لاکتیک به سیلو است. این باکتری‏ها با کاهش سریع pH از رشد باکتری‏های نامطلوب در سیلو جلوگیری کرده و در نتیجه ارزش تغذیه‏ای سیلاژ حفظ می‏شود. از این رو این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر افزودنی لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم بر ترکیب شیمیایی، ویژگی‌های تخمیر و گوارش‏‏پذیری آزمایشگاهی به‏روش تولید گاز در سیلاژ ذرت در مراحل گوناگون برداشت انجام شد.
مواد و روش‏ها: در دهه اول و آخر ماه‌های شهریور تا آبان طی شش مرحله به‌گونه تصادفی از شش مزرعه ذرت در حال برداشت با چاپر در شهرستان بردسیر نمونه‏برداری انجام شد. در هر مرحله پس از اندازه‌گیری ماده خشک، نمونه‏ها با و بدون افزودن باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم با تراکم حداقل CFU 1010× 8 در هر گرم نمونه تازه علوفه، با سه تکرار در سیلو‌های آزمایشگاهی به مدت دو ماه سیلو شدند. مقدار پس‌آب تولیدی سیلوها پس از 72 ساعت و نیز در روزهای 10، 20، 30 و 60 آزمایش اندازه‌گیری شد. پس از باز کردن سیلوها، بی‏درنگ pH سیلاژ و پایداری هوازی به همراه ماده خشک، ماده آلی، پروتئین خام، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی، کربوهیدرات‏های محلول در آب، نیتروژن آمونیاکی و اسید‌ لاکتیک اندازه‏گیری شد. گوارش‏پذیری آزمایشگاهی به روش تولید گاز اندازه‏گیری و فراسنجه‏های تخمیر شامل انرژی قابل سوخت‏و‏ساز، اسیدهای چرب زنجیر کوتاه و گوارش‏پذیری ماده آلی براساس گاز تولیدی و ترکیب شیمیایی نمونه‏ها از روابط استاندارد برآورد شد.
یافته‏ها: یافته‏های این پژوهش نشان داد که میانگین درصد ماده خشک در نمونه‌های برداشت شده در مراحل زمانی گوناگون، اختلاف معنی‌داری داشت. میانگین ماده خشک سیلاژ در ماه‏های گوناگون برداشت، 4/19 درصد بود. افزودن باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم به ذرت علوفه‏ای بر غلظت اسید لاکتیک، نیتروژن آمونیاکی و ترکیبات شیمیایی سیلاژ ذرت ‌تأثیر معنی‏داری نداشت، ولی غلظت کربوهیدرات‏های محلول در آب در سیلاژهای دارای افزودنی از گروه شاهد کم‏تر بود (05/0>P). میزان pH سیلاژ و درصد پس آب تولیدی تحت تأثیر افزودنی باکتریایی قرار نگرفت (05/0<P)، ولی پایداری هوازی در سیلاژ دارای افزودنی از گروه شاهد کم‏تر بود (05/0>P). با افزودن باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم، گاز تجمعی تولید شده پس از 24 و 48 ساعت، پتانسیل تولید گاز (b)، نرخ تولید گاز (c) و همچنین انرژی قابل سوخت‏و‏ساز، اسیدهای چرب زنجیر کوتاه و گوارش‏پذیری ماده آلی سیلاژ نسبت به سیلاژهای بدون افزودنی تفاوت معنی‏داری نداشت.
نتیجه‏گیری: یافته‌های این آزمایش نشان دادند که افزودن باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم بر ویژگی‌های تخمیر سیلاژ ذرت تولیدی در شهرستان بردسیر ‌تأثیری نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on the chemical composition, fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and in vitro digestibility of corn silage in different periods of harvesting

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Malekloozadeh 1
  • SeyedMehdi Ghoreishi 2
  • Pirouz Shakeri 3
  • Mozhgan Mazhari 4
1 Master's student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Jiroft University, Jiroft, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
3 Research Associate Professor, Animal Nutrition and Physiology Research Department, Iran Animal Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Jiroft University, Jiroft, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: There are various methods to decline the nutrient loss in corn silage. One of these ways is adding lactic acid producing bacteria to silage. Lactic acid-producing bacteria prevent the growth of undesirable bacteria in silage by rapidly reducing the pH, and as a result, the nutritional value of the silage is preserved. Therefore, this research carried out to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on the chemical composition, fermentation characteristics and in vitro digestibility of corn silage using of gas production method in corn fodder cultivated in Bardsir city of Kerman province at different time of harvesting.
Materials and methods: The sampling was done randomly from six corn fields being harvested in the first and last decade of September to November in Bardsir city. After determination of dry matter, samples were ensiled with and without Lactobacillus plantarum additive in mini silo with three replicates for two months. The silage effluent was measured after 72 hours and also on the 10th, 20th, 30th and 60th days of the experiment. After opening the silos, silage pH and aerobic stability along with dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent insoluble fiber (NDF), acid detergent insoluble fiber (ADF), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and lactic acid were measured. In vitro digestibility of corn silage was determined by gas production test and fermentation parameters including metabolizable energy (ME), short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) were estimated based on produced gas and chemical composition of samples from standard formulas.
Results: The findings of this research showed that the average percentage of DM in the samples harvested at different time had a significant difference. The average DM of silage in different time of harvesting was 19.4%. The addition of Lactobacillus plantarum to fodder corn had no significant effect on the concentration of lactic acid, NH3-N and chemical composition of corn silage, but the concentration of WSC in inoculated silages was lower than the control silage (P< 0.05). The pH of silage and the percentage of effluent were not affected by the inoculation (P> 0.05), however the aerobic stability in the silage with Lactobacillus plantarum was lower than the untreated silage (P<0.05). The cumulative gas produced after 24 and 48 hours, gas production potential (b), gas production constant rate (c) and fermentation parameters (ME, SCFA and OMD) were not significantly different among silage with and without inoculant.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum had no effect on the fermentation characteristics of corn silage produced in Bardsir city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aerobic stability
  • Corn silage
  • Gas production test
  • Lactobacillus plantarum
  • Time of harvesting

مراجع

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 11، شماره 2
شهریور 1402
صفحه 69-90

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