بهبود کارایی برنامه دابل آوسینک با استفاده از مکمل پروژسترونی در گاوهای شیری هلشتاین پس از زایش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه فیزیولوژی دام و طیور-دانشکده علوم دامی. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. گرگان. ایران

2 شرکت دام گستران کویر. یزد. ایران

3 گروه علوم دامی. دانشکده علوم کشارزی و منابع طبیعی. دانشگاه تهران. کرج. ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: استفاده از برنامه‌های تولیدمثلی همزمان‌سازی یکی از ابزارهای مدیریتی بهبود باروری گاوهای شیری پرتولید است. با این وجود، حضور دام‌ها در روزهای مختلف چرخه فحلی سبب پاسخ دهی متفاوت به این برنامه‌ها می‌شود. برنامه دابل آوسینک با داشتن تزریق GnRH اضافی نسبت به پری‌سینک آوسینک برای گاوهای غیرتخمک‌ریز نیز مناسب گزارش شده است، اما همه دام‌ها در زمان شروع آوسینک دوم جسم زرد فعال ندارند و فولیکول تخمک‌ریز در ریزمحیط با غلطت پایین پروژسترون رشد می‌کند که باعث کاهش کیفیت اووسیت و رویان می‌شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناسایی دام‌های فاقد جسم زرد و بررسی اثر استفاده از مکمل پروژسترون بر باروری گاوهای شیری پس از زایش انجام شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش از 318 راس گاو شیری سالم پس زایش استفاده شد. اطلاعات مربوط به نوبت زایش و نیز تولید شیر ماه اول و دوم پس از زایش ثبت شد. به طور خلاصه دام‌ها روز40 پس از زایش GnRH اول، هفت روز بعد PGF2α، سه روز بعد از آن دومین GnRH و هفت روز بعد یعنی از روز 57 پس از زایش وارد آوسینک دوم شده و تخمدان‌هایشان با استفاده از دستگاه اولتراسوند برای حضور یا نبود جسم زرد بررسی شدند. گاوهای فاقد جسم زرد به 2 گروه تقسیم شدند گروه اول (گروه شاهد، DO-CL)، ادامه برنامه دابل آوسینک را دریافت کردند. گروه دوم (DO+CIDR)، مکمل پروژسترونی (سیدر) را به مدت 7 روز دریافت کردند و دام هایی که دارای جسم زرد بودند (DO+CL) ادامه برنامه دابل آوسینک را دریافت کردند. همه گاوها 32، 60 و 120 روز پس از تلقیح برای تشخیص و تایید آبستنی با استفاده از دستگاه التراسوند مورد بازبینی قرار گرفتند. درصد گیرایی و سقط ماه دوم و ماه‌های سوم-چهارم محاسبه گردید. واکاوی داده‌ها با استفاده از رویه GLIMMIX نرم افزارSAS صورت گرفت.

یافته‌ها: گاوهای دارای جسم زرد در زمان آغاز آوسینک دوم نسبت به گروه شاهد و نیز گروه DO+CIDR درصد گیرایی روز 32 (84/50 در برابر 27/29 و 46/41 درصد، 03/0 P =)، 60 (76/45 در برابر 95/21 و 58/36 درصد، 01/0 P =) و 120 (22/43 در برابر 95/21 و 14/34 درصد، 03/0 P =)، بالاتری داشتند. با وجود کاهش 15 درصدی درصد سقط ماه دوم در گروه DO+CL نسبت به گروه شاهد (DO-CL)، این صفت در ماه دوم (31/0 P =) و سوم-چهارم (75/0 P =) بین تیمارهای آزمایشی تفاوتی نداشت. اثر نوبت زایش بر درصد گیرایی گاوها در روز 32 (04/0 P =)، معنی دار ولی بر درصد گیرایی روز 60 (17/0 P =) و 120 (28/0 P =) معنی دار نبود. اثر تولید شیر بر درصد گیرایی روز 32 (003/0 P =)، 60 (001/0 P =) و 120 (001/0 P =) معنی دار بود. گاوهای با تولید شیر کمتر از میانگین گله (36 ˂M ) نسبت به گاوهای بالاتر از میانگین گله (36 ≤M ) درصد گیرایی روز 32 (96/52 در برابر 63/35 درصد)، 60 (62/46 در برابر 11/28 درصد) و 120 (41/44 در برابر 08/26 درصد) بالاتری داشتند. اثر متقابل تیمار در نوبت زایش (41/0 P =) و تیمار در شیر تولیدی (45/0 P =) معنی‌دار نبود.

نتیجه گیری: در این مطالعه تخمدان‌ها در زمان شروع آوسینک دوم برنامه دابل آوسینک بررسی شد و دام های فاقد جسم زرد مکمل پروژسترونی دریافت کردند نتایج باروری حاکی از بهبود درصد گیرایی در گاوهای دریافت کننده مکمل پروژسترون نسبت به گروه شاهد بود. بنابراین، توصیه می‌شود در صورت استفاده از برنامه‌های همزمان سازی برای گاوهای پس از زایش، دام‌های فاقد جسم زرد در زمان شروع آوسینک برنامه تلقیح زمان بندی شده شناسایی و از مکمل پروژسترونی استفاده شود. به هرحال، برای دستیابی به نتایج بهینه استفاده همزمان از دو سیدر ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvement of double Ovsynch protocol by progesterone supplement in postpartum Holstein dairy cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Ansari 1
  • Mohammad ali Eslami 2
  • Mehdi Poorhamdollah 3
1 Department of Animal and Poultry Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Gorgan. Iran
2 Domgostan-e kavir. Yazd. Iran
3 Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: The past few decades have seen a dramatic decrease in the fertility of dairy cows. Thus, reproductive performance became one of the main concerns in the dairy cow industry. Improvement of fertility increases the farmer’s income by reducing the culling rate, increasing milk production, and reducing the calving interval. Factors involved in reproductive management are multifactorial such as management, nutrition, and genetics. Synchronization protocols are one of the main management tools that have improved the reproduction of high-producing dairy cows. Nevertheless, the efficiency of these protocols is still not satisfying and the current study was carried out to improve the double Ovsynch protocol in postpartum dairy cows.

Materials and methods: A total of 318 healthy postpartum dairy cows were used in the current study. Data of parity and milk yield (1st and 2nd months) were recorded for all cows. Briefly, on 40 DIM, cows were subjected to a double Ovsynch program and were checked for corpus luteum via ultrasonography on d 57, at the start of the 2nd Ovsynch. Cows without CL were divided into two groups including control (DO-CL, continuing the routine program), and DO+CIDR (including one progesterone supplement). Those bearing CL were considered as DO-CL receiving routine injections. All cows were checked for pregnancy via ultrasonography on d 32, 60, and 120 post-AI, and pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) and pregnancy loss rate were calculated. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX Procedure of SAS software.

Results: Cows bearing CL at the start of TAI Ovsynch, compared to DO-CL and DO-CIDR groups, had significantly higher P/AI on d 32 (50.84 vs. 29.27 and 41.46%, P = 0.03), 60 (45.76 vs. 21.95 and 36.58%, P = 0.01), and 120 (43.22 vs. 21.95 and 34.14%, P = 0.03) post-AI. Although cows with CL at the start of the TAI program had 15% lower pregnancy loss compared to the control group, this trait in the 2nd (P = 0.31) and 3rd-4th month (P = 0.75) was not significantly affected by treatments. Parity (primiparous vs. multiparous) had a significant effect on P/AI on d 32 (P = 0.04), but not on d 60 (P = 0.17) and 120 (P = 0.28) post-AI. The effect of milk yield (M ≥ 36 vs. M ˂36) on P/AI at d 32 (P = 0.003), 60 (P = 0.001), and 120 (P = 0.001) was significant. Dairy cows in M ˂36 group compared to M ≥ 36 had significantly higher P/AI on d 32 (52.96 vs. 35.63%), 60 (46.62 vs 28.11%), and 120 (44.41 vs. 26.08%) post-AI. The effects of treatment × parity (P = 0.41) or treatment × milk yield (P = 0.45) interactions were not significant.

Conclusion: Improvement of P/AI via evaluating the presence of CL at the start of the TAI program and using a progesterone insert in cows without CL suggests an important role of progesterone during the growth of ovulatory follicles. Therefore, the identification of cows not bearing CL and applying progesterone is highly recommended. However, the difference between P/AI in cows that received CIDR compared to those in diestrous suggests that using a CIDR may not be sufficient and two CIDRs should be applied in order to achieve optimum results.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Progesterone supplement
  • Ovsynch
  • dairy cows
  • estrous cycle
  • corpus luteum

مراجع

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 11، شماره 3
آذر 1402
صفحه 117-130

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