تجزیه و تحلیل ژنتیکی خصوصیات بیده پشم گوسفندان بلوچی و ایران بلک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد دام، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد دام و طیور، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران،

3 دانشیار، گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد دام و طیور، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: کیفیت پشم گوسفند تأثیر عمده‏ای بر روی مصرف و کاربرد نهایی آن دارد و در نتیجه بررسی کیفیت الیاف پشم و تجزیه و تحلیل ژنتیکی صفات مربوط به آن یکی از زمینه های تحقیقاتی مهم در گوسفندان بومی است. با توجه به این که نژاد ایران بلک از آمیخته‌گری نژاد بلوچی با کیوسی به دست آمده است، تحقیق حاضر به منظور مقایسه و تجزیه و تحلیل ژنتیکی صفات پشم گوسفندان بلوچی و ایران‏بلک انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: برای انجام این پژوهش در مهر ماه 1396 از 176 راس بره بلوچی و 105 راس بره ایران بلک موجود در مرکز اصلاح‏نژاد شمال شرق کشور واقع در مشهد، نمونه پشم جمع‏آوری شد. خصوصیات بیده پشم شامل وزن بیده ناشور، متوسط قطر الیاف، متوسط طول فتیله پشم، درصد الیاف هتروتایپ، درصد الیاف مدولادار و درصد الیاف حقیقی در گوسفندان این دو نژاد اندازه‏گیری شد. برای تعیین عوامل موثر بر صفات پشم (نژاد، سال تولد، تیپ تولد و جنس بره) این دو نژاد از رویه GLMنرم‌افزار SAS استفاده شد. مقایسه میانگین‌های حداقل مربعات زیرگروههای مختلف اثرات ثابت با آزمون توکی- کرامر و سطح معنی داری 5 درصد انجام شد. اجزای واریانس و پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفات مورد مطالعه در این دو نژاد با استفاده ‏از مدل حیوانی چند صفتی و روش حداکثر درست‌نمایی محدود شده با نرم‌افزار WOMBAT برآورد شد.
یافته ها: تفاوت دو نژاد از نظر میانگین قطر الیاف، درصد الیاف هتروتایپ و درصد الیاف حقیقی معنی‌دار بود. به جز درصد الیاف هتروتایپ و حقیقی سایر صفات تحت تأثیر جنس قرار نگرفت. از بین صفات مورد بررسی تنها وزن بیده ناشور تحت تاثیر سال و تیپ تولد قرار گرفت. ضریب تغییرات برآورد شده برای تولید پشم (9/26 درصد)، درصد الیاف هترو‌تایپ (77/76 درصد) و درصد الیاف مدولا دار (99/95 درصد) نشان داد که تنوع قابل ملاحظه‏ای در گوسفندان این دو نژاد برای این صفات وجود دارد. میانگین قطر الیاف در نژاد بلوچی (28/26 میکرون) کمتر از نژاد ایران بلک (30/29 میکرون) بود. درصد الیاف حقیقی در نژاد بلوچی (81/94 درصد) بیشتر از نژاد ایران بلک (65/92 درصد) بود. وراثت‌پذیری صفات پشم در نژاد بلوچی متوسط به بالا و در دامنه 26/0 (درصد الیاف مدولادار) تا 45/0 (درصد الیاف هتروتایپ) و در نژاد ایران بلک بین 26/0 (درصد الیاف مدولادار) تا 34/0 (درصد الیاف حقیقی) قرار داشت.
نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی، نژاد بلوچی پشم ظریف تری نسبت به ایران‏بلک داشت و نژاد ایران‏بلک از نظر خصوصیات پشم نسبت به والد بومی خود افت داشته است. با توجه به وراثت‌پذیری‌های برآورد شده، انتخاب برای بهبود صفات کیفی و کمی پشم در این نژادها موثر خواهد بود.
واژه‌های کلیدی: گوسفندبلوچی، آمیخته گری، پشم، پارامترهای ژنتیکی

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic analysis of fleece characteristics of Baluchi and Iran-black sheep

نویسندگان [English]

  • Melica Samadpour 1
  • Saeed Hasani 2
  • Mojtaba Ahan Azari 3
  • Fateme Bahri Binabaj 3
  • Alireza Khanahmadi 3
1 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran,
3 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and objective: Quality of wool has a major impact on its consumption and ultimate use and therefore, evaluation and genetic analysis of wool characteristics is one of the most important research fields for native sheep. Considering that Iran-black sheep is a result of Baluchi and Chios crossbreeding, the present study was conducted to compare and genetic analysis of fleece characteristics of Baluchi and Iran-black sheep.
Materials and method: In this study, wool samples were collected from 176 Baluchi and 105 Iran-black sheep in Abbas-Abad sheep breeding center located near to Mashhad, Khorasan-Razavi province, in October 2017. Fleece characteristics, including greasy fleece weight, average fiber diameter, average staple length, hetero-type fibers (%), modulated fibers (%), and true wool fibers (%) were measured. To determine the fixed effects (breed, year of birth, type of birth and sex) affecting wool characteristics of the breeds, the GLM procedure of SAS software was used. Least square means comparisons of different fixed effects subclasses was carried out by Tukey-Kramer test at 5 percent probability levels. The components of (co) variances and genetic parameters of the studied traits were estimated using the multi-trait animal model and restricted maximum likelihood using WOMBAT software.
Results: Results showed that the differences between the breeds were significant for average fiber diameter, hetero-type fiber percentage and true wool percentage. None of the studied traits were affected by sex of lamb except for hetero-type and true fiber percentages (P<0.05). Year and type of birth could only affect the greasy fleece weigh (P<0.05). Coefficient of variation for greasy fleece weigh (26.28 percent), hetero-type fiber (76.77 percent) and modulated fiber (99.59 percent) showed that considerable variations are there for these traits in the two studied breeds. Average fiber diameter in Baluchi (26.28 micron) was significantly lower than Iran-black breed (29.26 micron) (P<0.05). True wool percent in Baluchi (94.81 percent) was significantly higher than Iran-black breed (92.65 percent) (P<0.05). Heritability of wool traits in Baluchi breed ranged from 0.26 (modulated fiber percent) to 0.45 (hetero-type percent) and in Iran-black breed ranged from 0.28 (modulated fiber percent) to 0.34 (true fiber percent).
Conclusion: In general, Baluchi breed had finer wool than Iran-black and Iran-black fleece characteristics were worse than the native Baluchi parent. Moreover, moderate heritability for the studied traits in both of the breeds indicated that selection programs for improving these traits in these populations would be effective.
Keywords: Baluchi Sheep, Crossbreeding, Wool, Genetic parameters

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Baluchi Sheep
  • Crossbreeding
  • Wool
  • Genetic parameters

مراجع

Ahmad, S., Khan, M.S. and Khan, M.F.U. 2010. Factors affecting wool characteristics of Kari sheep in Pakistan. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 34: 485-492.
Ansari-Renani, H.R. 2012. Fiber Quality of Iranian Carpet-Wool Sheep Breeds. Media Peternakan, Pp: 179-184.
ASTM. 1989. Standard test method for diameter of wool and other animal fibers by microprojection. Annual book of ASTM. D2130-90. American society for testing and materials, Philadelphia. PA. Section 7.
Aziz, K.O. and Al-Oramary, R.A.S. 2005. A Study on fleece characterization of Hamadani sheep in Erbil plain. Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, 33 (1): 1-12.
Castro-Gamez, H., Perezgrovas, R., Campos-Montes, G., Lopez-Ordaz, R. and Castillo-Juarez, H. 2008. Genetic parameters for fleece quality assessed by an ancient Tzotzil indigenous evaluation system in Mexico. Small Ruminant Research, 74 (1): 107-112.
Chauhan, A., Dahiya, S.P., Bangar, Y.C. and Magotra, A. 2021. The estimation of (co)variance components and genetic parameters for growth and wool traits in Harnali sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 203- 106485.
Chopra, A., Gowane, G.R., Prakash, V. and Arora, A.L. 2010. Evaluation of wool quality attributes of Bharat Merino sheep. The Indian Veterinary Journal, 87(10): 1003-100.
Cloete S.W.P., Van Wyk, J.B. and Neser, F.W.C. 2004. Estimates of genetic and environmental (co)variances for live weight and fleece traits in yearling South African mutton Merino sheep. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34(1): 37-43.
Cottle, D.J. 2010. Wool preparation and metabolism. In: Cottle, D.J. (Editor). International Sheep and Wool Handbook). Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, United Kingdom. pp. 581- 618.
Dashab, G., Edriss, M.A., Ghare Aghaji, A.A., Movasagh, H. and Nilforooshan, M.A. 2006. Wool fiber quality of Naeini sheep. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 9: 270-276.
Dashab, Gh. 2012. Quantitative genetic analysis and QTL mapping affecting wool characteristics in Baluchi sheep. Ph.D. Dissertation. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Faculty of Agriculture. (In Persian).
Dorostkar, M., Shodja, J., Rafat, S.A. and Esfandyari, H. 2013. Evaluation of some of wool fiber characteristics in Moghani sheep using image analysis method. Journal of Animal Science Research, 23 (4): 37-45. (In Persian).
Edriss, M.A., Dashab, G., Ghareh Aghaji, A.A., Nilforoosha, M.A. and Movassagh, H. 2007. A study of some physical attributes of Naeini sheep wool for textile industry. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 10: 415-420.
Elfadilli, M., Michaux, C., Detilleux, J. and Leroy, P.L. 2000. Genetic parameters for growth traits of the Moroccan Timahdit breed of sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 37: 203- 208.
Ercanbrack, S.K. and Knight, A.D. 1998. Responses to various selection protocols for lamb production in Rambouillet, Targhee, Columbia and Polypay sheep. Journal of Animal Science, 76: 1311-1325.
Esfandyari, A., Aslaminejad, A. and Rafat, S.A. 2011. Wool characteristics in the third generation of Arkharmerino×Ghezel and Arkharmerino×Moghani crossbreed sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 43: 1337-1343.
Etemad, K., Rahimi, H., Mohamad Rahimi, S., Raffat, A. and Shoja Ghias, J. 2015. Some genetic and non-genetic factors affecting wool characteristics. In proceedings of The Second National Animal Fiber Seminar. Tabriz, Iran. (In Persian).
Farahvash, T., Shoja, J., Golzaradabi, Sh. and Davoodi, J. 2007. Comparison of wool characteristics of Arkhamerino×Ghezel and Arkhamerino×Moghani crossbred sheep with their parents. Journal of New Agricultural Science, 8: 52-45. (In Persian).
Farahvash, T., Shoja, J., Nazeradl, K., Kamali, M. and Rafat, A. 2010. Evaluation of fleece weight and wool characteristics of first generation of crossbreeding Arkhamerino with Moghani and Ghezel sheep. Journal of Animal Science (Pajoohesh and Sazandeghi), 88: 7-11. (In Persian).
Fogarty, N.M. 1995. Genetic parameters for live weight, fat and muscle measurements, wool production and reproduction in sheep: a review. Animal Breeding Abstracts, 63:101-143.
Gowane, G.R. and Arora, A.L. 2010. Performance evaluation of sheep in farmer’s flock of Eastern semi-arid region of Rajasthan. Indian Journal of Small Ruminant, 16 (1): 87–91.
Hanford, K.J., Van Vleck, L.D. and Snowder, G.D. 2005. Estimates of genetic parameters and genetic change for reproduction, weight and wool characteristics of Rambouillet sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 57: 175-186.
Hanford, K.J., Van Vleck, L.D. and Snowder, G.D. 2006. Estimates of genetic parameters and genetic trend for reproduction, weight, and wool characteristics of Polypay sheep. Livestock Science, 102: 72-82.
Hanford, K.J., Van Vleck, L.D. and SnowderG, D. 2003. Estimates of genetic parameters and genetic change for reproduction, weight and wool characteristics of Targhee sheep. Journal of Animal Science, 81: 630-640.
Harizi, T., Abidi, F., Hamdaoui, R. and Ben Ameur, Y. 2015. Variation in fleece characteristics of Tunisian sheep. International Journal of Textile Science, 4: 97-101.
Hassani, S. 1994. Estimation of Genetic and Phenotypic Parameters and Investigation of the Effects of Some Environmental and Genetic Factors on Wool Traits in Lori Bakhtiari Sheep. M.Sc. Thesis. Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch. Faculty of Agriculture. (In Persian).
Kargar, N., Moradi Shahre Babak, M., Moravej, H. and Rokoie, M. 2007. The estimation of genetic parameters for growth and wool traits in Kermani sheep. Journal of Animal Science (Pajoohesh and Sazandeghi), 73: 88-95. (In Persian).
Kelly, M.J., Swan, A.A. and Atkins, K.D. 2007. Optimal use of on-farm fiber diameter measurement and its impaction reproduction in commercial Merino flocks. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 47: 525-534.
Kumar, R. and Singh, C.V. 2011. Effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on growth and wool traits in Chokla sheep. Indian Journal of Small Ruminant, 17 (1): 95–98.
Kumar, S., Dahiya, S.P., Malik, Z.S., Patil, C.S. and Magotra, A. 2018. Genetic analysis of performance traits in Harnali sheep. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 52(5): 643–648.
Malik, B.S. and Singh, R.P. 2006. Evaluation of crossbreeding effects for wool traits in sheep. Journal of Animal Science, 19:1536-1540.
Mandal, A., Neser, F.W.C., Rout, P.K., Roy, R., and Notter, D.R. 2009. Estimation of (co) variance components and genetic parameters of greasy fleece weights in Muzaffarnagri sheep. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetic, 126: 22–29.
Matebesi-Ranthimo, P.A.M., Cloete, S.W.P., Van Wyk, J.B. and Olivier, J.J. 2017. Genetic parameters for ewe reproduction with objectively measured wool traits in Elsenburg Merino flock. South African Journal of Animal Science, 47 (No. 5).
Meyer, K. 2013. WOMBAT-A program for mixed model analyses by restricted maximum likelihood. Animal Genetics and Breeding Unit, Armidale, pp. 105.
Mortazavi, M. 2011. Study of origin and history of Iran Black sheep and its genetic comparison with tow breed of the Iranian sheep. M.Sc. Thesis. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Faculty of Agriculture. (In Persian).
Mortimer, S.L., Atkins, K.D., Semple, S.J. and Fogarty, N.M. 2010. Predicted responses in Merino Sheep from selection combining visually assessed and measured traits. Animal Production Science, 50: 976-982.
Mottaghinia, G., Farhangfar, H. and Ahmadi Shahrakht, M. 2015. Phenotypic and genetic analyses of wool weight trait in Iran Black sheep using different animal models. Animal Science Research, 25(2): 81-94. (In Persian).
Narula, H.K., Patel, A.K., Chopra, A. and Mehrotra, A. 2017. Influence of environmental factors on production traits and heritability estimates of Magra sheep in arid region Indian Journal of Small Ruminant, 23: 21–25.
Olivier, W.J., 2014. The evaluation of a South African fine wool genetic resource flock. Ph.D. (Agric.) thesis, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Parry, A.L., Norton, B.W. and Restall, B.J. 1992. Skin follicle development in the Australian Cashmere goat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 43:857-870.
Rao, S. 1997. Genetic analysis of sheep discrete reproductive traits using simulation and field data. Ph.D. Dissertation. Blacksburg, Virginia.
Rashidi, A. 2000. Industrial breeding of small livestock (sheep and goats), record keeping and registration. Shaghayegh Village Artistic and Cultural Institute Publications. Tehran. 126p. (In Persian).
Ribeiro, E.L.A., Pires, C.C., Mizubuti, I.Y., Silva, L.D.F., Castro, F.A.B., Koritiaki, N.A., Pereira, E.S. and Pinto, A.P. 2015. Characteristics of the wool produced by ewes raised for meat production. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 44:405-411.
Salehian, Z., Soori, M. and Hozhabri, F. 2015. Effect of diet improvement on growth, quantity and quality of fibers in male Sanjabi lambs. In proceedings of the second animal science seminar, Tabriz, Iran. Pp: 231-234. (In Persian).
SAS User Guide: statistics (2009), SAS institute (version 9.2) Cary: NC.
Tabbaa, M.J., Al-Azzawi, W.A. and Compbell, D. 2001. Variation fleece characteristics of Awassi sheep at different ages. Small Ruminant Research, 41: 95-100.
Tariq, M.M., Bajwa, M.A., Javed, K., Refeeq, M., Awan, M.A., Rashid, N, Wahheed, A., Amin, S., Khan, M.A. and Bukhari, F.A. 2013. Assessment of wool characteristics of Mengali sheep of Balochistan. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 23: 721-726.
Valizadeh, S. 2018. Evaluation of wool traits of kurdi sheep in Hawraman. M.Sc. Dissertation. University of Kurdistan.
Wood, E.J. 2010. Wool processing. In: Cottle, D.J. (Editor). International Sheep and Wool Handbook. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK. pp. 619-646.
Yarahmadi, B., Islami, M. and Taherpour, N. 2007. Effect of age and sex on wool characteristics in Lori sheep breed. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1:203-210. (In Persian).
نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 10، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 111-126

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار