اثر تجویز مکمل ید بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجه های تولید مثلی و هورمونهای تیروئیدی گوسفندان داشتی در برخی مناطق استان مرکزی، ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی

2 دکتری تغذیه دام، بخش علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: ید عنصری ضروری برای ساخت هورمونهای تیروئیدی است که سوخت‌وساز بدن را کنترل می‌کنند. کمبود تحت بالینی عنصر ید که به فقر آن در خاک مربوط می‌شود در دام‌های اکثر نقاط کشور به‌ویژه دامهای استفاده کننده از مرتع، محتمل بوده و حدود 10 سال قبل نیز در گوسفندان برخی مناطق استان مرکزی با ید معدنی پلاسمای کمتر از 5 میکروگرم در دسی‌لیتر گزارش شده است. هدف این تحقیق، بررسی مجدد وضعیت ید در گوسفندان منطقه شازند و ارزیابی اثرات استفاده از یک مکمل روغنی یددار بر غلظت هورمونهای تیروئیدی، مقدار ید غیرآلی سرم خون، شیر و عملکرد میش‌ها و بره‌های آنها بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: تعداد هفت گله گوسفند داشتی در استان مرکزی و منطقه‌ای که قبلا کمبود ید در گوسفندان آن‌ها گزارش شده بود به شکل تصادفی انتخاب و ید غیرآلی سرم خون میش‌ها اندازه گیری شد. برای ارزیابی اثرات مکمل‌ ید، از میان گله‌ها، گله‌ای با پایین‌ترین مقدار ید معدنی سرم که قابلیت اجرای آزمایش را نیز داشت، انتخاب گردید و 80 راس میش توده نژاد فراهانی با میانگین وزن 8/7±53/48 قبل از قوچ اندازی به دو گروه 40 راسی به عنوان گروه‌های شاهد و آزمایشی تقسیم شدند. در گروه آزمایشی از مکمل تزریقی ید با نام تجاری دپودین، سه هفته قبل از قوچ اندازی و 9 هفته بعد از آن به مقدار 5/1 میلی لیتر به شکل عضلانی استفاده شد. غلظت هورمون‌های تیروئیدی شامل تری یدو‌تیرونین و تیروکسین در روز 60 و 120 از شروع آزمایش، ید غیر آلی سرم خون هر ماه تا روز 180، ید غیر آلی شیر میشها بعد از زایش و فراسنجه‌های تولیدی و تولید‌مثلی در دو گروه اندازه‌گیری و مقایسه شد.
یافته‌ها: وضعیت ید گله‌های بررسی شده حاکی از ادامه وضعیت کمبود ید در منطقه مورد مطالعه و عدم رفع این مشکل بود. کمترین و بیشترین مقدار ید معدنی سرم گله‌ها به ترتیب 22/0±0/2 و08/2±38/4 میکروگرم در دسی‌لیتر بود. استفاده از مکمل ید در گله آزمایشی باعث افزایش معنی‌دار غلظت هورمون‌های تیروئیدی گردید (05/0>P). همچنین ید غیرآلی سرم و شیر میش‌ها به ترتیب از 39/2 و 22/1 میکروگرم در دسی‌لیتر در گروه شاهد به 2/11 و 44/21 میکروگرم در دسی‌لیتر در گروه آزمایشی، افزایش یافت (01/0>P). میانگین وزن تولد بره‌ها در گروه آزمایشی و شاهد به ترتیب62/0±33/4 و77/0±91/3 کیلوگرم بود که اختلاف معنی‌داری داشت (05/0>P). همچنین میانگین وزن شیرگیری بره‌های گروه آزمایشی در مقایسه با شاهد (به ترتیب16/1±08/17 و 83/1± 6/16کیلوگرم) و میزان زنده مانی بره ها تا 120 روزگی افزایش یافت درحالیکه نرخ زایش و تعداد بره در هر زایش تحت تأثیر مکمل ید قرار نگرفت.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاکی از ادامه کمبود ید در منطقه مطالعه شده بر اساس غلظت پایین ید معدنی سرم خون و اثربخشی مکمل ید در کاهش عوارض آن در گوسفندان و بهبود عملکرد تولیدی و تولید مثلی آن‌ها می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of iodine supplementation on growth performance, reproductive parameters and thyroid hormones of sheep in some areas of Markazi province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Talebian Masoudi 1
  • Azadeh Mirshamsollahi 2
1 Department of animal science, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Arak, Iran
2 PhD in Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal science, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resource Research and Education Center, Arak, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Iodine is an essential element for the production of thyroid hormones that control the body's metabolism. Subclinical iodine deficiency, which is related to the deficiency of this element in the soil, is likely in most livestock in different parts of the country, especially grazing livestock, and was reported in sheep with plasma inorganic iodine less than 5 Micrograms per deciliter in some areas of Markazi province about 10 years ago. The objective of this study was to re-evaluate the iodine status of sheep in Shazand areas and evaluate the effects of using an injectable iodinated oil supplement on thyroid hormone concentrations, blood serum and milk inorganic iodine content, and the production performance of ewes and their lambs.
Material and methods: Seven sheep breeding farms in this region randomly selected and ewe’s serum inorganic iodine analyzed. To evaluate the effects of iodine supplementation, the herd with the lowest amount of serum inorganic iodine in which the experiment could be performed was considered as the experimental herd. In this herd,80 Farahani ewes with an average weight of 48.53±7.8 was divided into two groups of 40 as control and experimental groups. The experimental group, were supplemented with 1.5 ml iodised oil (Depodine®) intramusculary three weeks before mating and nine weeks later. Concentrations of thyroid hormones including triiodothyronine and thyroxine on days 60 and 120 from start of the test, inorganic iodine in blood serum every month until day 180,inorganic milk iodine after lambing and production and reproductive parameters were measured and compared in the two groups.
Results: The iodine status of the studied herds indicated that iodine deficiency continued in the study area, and this problem was not resolved. The lowest and highest serum mineral iodine levels of the studied herds were 2.0±0.22 and 4.38±2.08 μg/dl, respectively. Thyroid hormone concentrations were significantly (P< 0.05) elevated in the iodine-supplemented ewes after treatment. Serum inorganic iodine and milk inorganic iodine of ewes also increased from 2.39 and 1.22 μg/dl in the control group to 11.2 and 21.44 μg/dl in the experimental group, respectively (P<0.01). The mean birth weight of lambs in the experimental and control groups was 4.33±0.62 and 3.91±0.77 kg, respectively, which had a significant difference (P<0.05). Also, the mean weaning weight of lambs in the experimental group increased compared to the control group (17.08±1.16 and 16.6±1.83 kg, respectively) and lamb survival rate up to day 120 increased significantly (P<0.05) while lambing rate and litter size of ewes didn’t affect.
Conclusion: The results indicate that sheep continue to be impacted by the effects of iodine deficiency in the study area based on low serum mineral iodine concentration, and the effectiveness of the iodine supplement in preventing the effects of iodine deficiency in sheep and improving their production and reproduction performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iodine deficiency
  • reproductive parameters
  • serum inorganic iodine
  • sheep
  • thyroid hormones

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 10، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 71-86

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