اثرات استروژنیک تفاله هسته انار بر فراسنجه‌های خونی و آنتی اکسیدانی بزهای ماده سانن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

2 استادیار ، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

3 دانشیار ، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

چکیده:
سابقه و هدف: تفاله هسته انار(Punica granatum) یکی از پس‌ماندهای صنایع تبدیلی است که در سال‌های اخیر به دلیل خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی در تغذیه دام به طور فزآینده‌ای به کار می‌رود. تفاله هسته انار حاوی ترکیبات پلی فنولی است که عمدتاً شامل اسید الاژیک، پونیکالاژین و پونیکالین بوده که خاصیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی دارند و از پراکسیداسیون چربی‌ها و فعالیت رادیکال‌های آزاد ممانعت می‌کند. دانه‌های انار علاوه بر ترکیبات پلی‌فنولی در بردارنده استروژن‌های "استرادیول، استرون و استریول" و با غلظت کمتری حاوی تستوسترون، بتاسیتوسترول و کامسترول نیز می‌باشند که گزارشات زیادی پیرامون اثرات جانبی آن بر فیزیولوژی و متابولیسم نشخوارکنندگان در دست نیست. با توجه به نقش استروژن‌ها در متابولیسم لیپیدها ممکن است تفاله هسته انار به عنوان منبع گیاهی غنی از استروژن قادر به تقلید نقش تنظیمی استروژن‌های اندوژنوس بر متابولیسم و تولید مثل باشد. در این مطالعه اثرات استروژنیک تفاله هسته انار بر غلظت استرادیول سرم خون و سایر فراسنجه‌های خونی و آنتی‌اکسیدانی بزهای خشک غیرآبستن سانن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این آزمایش از 18 رأس بز سانن خشک غیر آبستن 3 تا 4 شکم زایش با میانگین وزنی 16/5 ±85/44 کیلوگرم، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تیمار و 6 تکرار استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: 1) تیمار شاهد 2) جیره پایه + 12 درصد تفاله هسته انار 3) جیره پایه+ 12 درصد تفاله هسته انار و گاز ازون ( عامل حذف استروژن از انار) بود. فراسنجه‌های خونی هورمون استرادیول، آلبومین، بیلی روبین مستقیم، بیلی‌روبین کل، کراتینین، گلوکز، بتاهیدرکسی بوتیرات، اوره، اسید اوریک، نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون، آلکالین فسفاتاز، آسپارتات و آلانین آمینوترانسفراز، کلسیم، فسفر، کلسترول، تری‌گلیسرید، لیپوپروتئین با چگالی بالا، لیپوپروتئین با چگالی کم و متغییر‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی مالون دی آلدهید و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی کل پلاسما مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفت. داده‌های آزمایش با نرم افزار SAS و با رویه مخلوط به صورت داده های تکرار دار در زمان مورد آنالیز آماری قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس نتایج میزان فراسنجه‌های غلظت استرادیول استاندارد و سطح زیر منحنی غلظت استرادیول سرم خون در طول چرخه فحلی به طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر تیمار 2 افزایش (به ترتیب: pg ml-1 36/33 و cm2 12/605) یافت (05/0 > P). تیمار حاوی گاز ازون به طور معنی داری این متغییر‌ها را نسبت به تیمار دوم کاهش داد (13/28 و 91/543) و تفاوت معنی داری با شاهد (56/25 و 12/515) نداشت. سایر فراسنجه‌های خونی به جز فسفر و برخی متغییر‌های آنتی اکسیدانی تحت تأثیر معنی دار تیمار‌های آزمایشی قرار نگرفت که نشان دهنده کافی نبودن دریافت استروژن برای بر هم زدن هموستاز فراسنجه های خونی در سطح 12 درصد جایگزینی تفاله هسته انار با سبوس گندم می باشد.
نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی سطح 12 درصد تفاله هسته انار در گامه فیزیولوژیکی مورد مطالعه اثر منفی معنی داری بر فراسنجه های متابولیکی طبیعی بز های سانن نداشت. حذف اثر استروژن در تیمار 12 درصد تفاله هسته انار و گاز ازون نشان می‌دهد که گاز ازون قادر است اثر فیتواستروژن های جیره را کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estrogenic effects of pomegranate seed pulp on blood and antioxidant variables in Saanen female goats

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Sadat Salesi 1
  • Seyyed Ehsan Ghiasi 2
  • Mohsen Mojtahedi 2
  • Seyyed Javad Hosseini Vashan 3
1 Department of Animal science, university of Birjand, Iran
2 Department of Animal science, university of Birjand, iran
3 Department of Animal Science, university of Birjand, iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract:
Background and objectives: Pomegranate (Punica granatum) seed pulp is one of the wastes of agricultural conversion industries that has been increasingly used in recent years due to its antioxidant properties in animal nutrition. Pomegranate seed pulp contains polyphenolic compounds that mainly contain ellagic acid, punicalagin and punicallin, which have antioxidant properties and prevent the peroxidation of fats and the activity of free radicals. In addition to polyphenolic compounds, pomegranate seeds contain estrogens such as "estradiol, estrone and estriol" and in lower concentrations also contain testosterone, beta-sitosterol and coumestrol, but there are many reports about its side effects on the physiology and metabolism of ruminants. Due to the role of estrogens in lipid metabolism, pomegranate seed pulp as an estrogen-rich plant source may be able to mimic the regulatory role of endogenous estrogens on metabolism and reproduction. In this study, the estrogenic effects of pomegranate seed pulp on serum estradiol concentration and other blood and antioxidant variables of dry non-pregnant Saanen goats were investigated.
Materials and Methods: In this experiment, 18 non-pregnant dry Saanen goats in 3rd to 4th parity number with average weight of 44.85 ± 5.16 kg were used in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 6 replications. Experimental treatments included: 1) control treatment 2) Basal diet with 12% of pomegranate seed pulp 3) Basal diet with 12% of pomegranate seed pulp + ozone gas (estrogen removal agent from pomegranate). Blood parameters of estradiol, albumin, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, creatinine, glucose, betahydroxybutyrate, urea, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL and plasma antioxidant factors of MDA and TAC were measured. Experimental data were statistically analyzed by SAS software with mixed procedure as repeated data over time.
Results: Based on the results, the parameters of standard estradiol concentration and the area under the serum estradiol concentration curve increased (33.36 pg.ml-1 and 605.12 cm2 respectively) significantly during the estrus cycle under the influence of treatment 2 (p <0.05). Ozone gas in treatment 3 significantly reduced these variables (28.13 and 543.91) compared to treatment 2 and was not significantly different from the control (25.56 and 515.12). Blood parameters other than phosphorus and some antioxidant variables were not significantly affected by experimental treatments, indicating insufficient estrogen intake to disrupt homeostasis of blood parameters at level of 12% Replacement of pomegranate seed pulp with wheat bran.
Conclusion: Generally, the level of 12% of pomegranate seed pulp in the studied physiological stage, did not have significant negative effects on normal metabolic parameters of Saanen goats. Elimination of the effect of estrogen in treatment 3 indicates that ozone gas is able to diminish the effect of dietary phytoestrogens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Blood variables. Pomegranate seed pulp
  • Saanen goats

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 9، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 73-92

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