ارزیابی پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور بعنوان جایگزین کنجاله سویا بر عملکرد پروار، فراسنجه های خونی و اجزا لاشه در بره های پرواری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی گرگان

2 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری- ریاست دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات

3 عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

4 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: بکارگیری مواد خوراکی که پروتئین بالایی دارند و در داخل کشور نیز تولید می شوند و همچنین قیمت ارزانتری نسبت به منابع دیگر پروتئین که از خارج وارد کشور می شوند می تواند برای کاهش هزینه های غذایی در پروار بندی حائز اهمیت باشد. از طرف دیگر برای رشد سریع و تعادل بین پروتئین غیر قابل تجزیه و تجزیه پذیر در شکمبه، جایگزین نمودن یک منبع پروتئینی مطلوب در جیره غذایی مهم است. از این رو،هدف از این آزمایش بررسی نقش منبع نیتروژنی در بروز پتانسیل دام و همچنین استفاده از فرآورده های فرعی بجای منابع مرسوم برای کاهش قیمت تمام شده جیره است.
مواد و روش:تعداد 28 راس بره نر به منظور بررسی اثر پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور در در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. تیمارها(جیره غذایی) شامل 1- 100درصد کنجاله سویا 2- 67 درصد کنجاله سویا و 33 درصد پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور 3- 33 درصد کنجاله سویا و 67 درصد پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور 4- 100 درصد پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور 5- 67 درصد کنجاله سویا و 33 درصد پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور فراوری شده 6- 33 درصد کنجاله سویا و 67 درصد پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور فراوری شده 7-100درصد پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور فراوری شده. احتیاجات غذایی گوسفند براساس توصیه انجمن ملی تحقیقات (2007) با سطوح انرژی و پروتئین یکسان تنظیم گردید. عملکرد پروار و بازده اقتصادی، قابلیت هضم ظاهری تیمارها، فراسنجه های خونی و تجزیه لاشه در پایان دوره پروار صورت گرفت.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان می دهد که جایگزینی سطوح کنجاله سویا با پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور بر صفات عملکرد پروار شامل مصرف ماده خشک، افزایش وزن روزانه، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و کارایی غذایی با تفاوت معنی داری نداشته است (05/0P>). آزمایش حاکی از آن است که درصد قابلیت هضم اختلاف معنی دار دارد(05/0p <). تیمار 2 با کمترین درصد قابلیت هضم (894/50)از سایر تیمارها نشان می دهد. کمترین هزینه خوراک برای یک کیلو گرم افزایش وزن نسبت به تیمار1 بترتیب به تیمار 7،6،3و 4 با 15، 7،6 و 5 درصد کاهش در هزینه خوراک برای هر کیلو گرم افزایش وزن مربوط است. نیتروژن اوره ای خون، لیپو پروتئین با چگالی بالا و لیپو پروتئین با چگالی خیلی پایین تفاوت ها معنی دار(05/0p <) و برای پروتئین تام، قند خون، کلسترول، تری گلیسرید و لیپو پروتئین با چگالی پایین معنی دار نبوده است (05/0P>). وزن لاشه،درصد وزنی گردن، راسته، دنده و دنبه تفاوت معنی دار مشاهده نگردید. اما برای درصد وزنی ران، دست، جگر و قلب تفاوت معنی دار بوده است(05/0p <).
نتیجه گیری:در مجموع استفاده از پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور در جیره های بره های پرواری می تواند جایگزین مناسبی برای کنجاله سویا باشد و ضمن حفظ عملکرد پروار، بازده اقتصادی مطلوبی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of poultry byproduct meal as a substitute for soybean meal on growing performance, blood metabolites and carcass characteristics of lambs

نویسندگان [English]

  • yadollah chashnidel 2
  • Assadollah Tymuri yanesari 3
  • Mokhtar Mohajer 4
1
2 dept. of sari university
3 Dept. of sari university
4 Dept. of Animal scinces
چکیده [English]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The use of high protein foods that are produced in the country as well as a cheaper price than other sources of protein imported from abroad can be important to reduce the cost of food intake. On the other hand, it is important to replace a good protein source for fast growth and balance between in degradable and degradable protein in the rumen. Hence, the purpose of this experiment is to investigate the role of nitrogen source in the occurrence of livestock potential, as well as the use of sub-products instead of conventional sources to reduce the cost of diet.
Materials and Methods: A total of 28 male lambs were evaluated to the effect of poultry by product meal in a completely randomized design. Treatments include 1- 100% soybean meal 2- 67% soybean meal and 33% poultry by product meal, 3- 33% soybean meal and 67% poultry by product meal, 4- 100% poultry by product meal, 5- 67% meal Soybeans and 33% of poultry by product meal processed whit Microwave heating, 6-33% of soybean meal and 67% of poultry by product meal processed whit Microwave heating, 7-100% of poultry by product meal processed whit Microwave heating. Sheep food requirements were adjusted according to the recommendation of the National Research Council (2007) with the same levels of energy and protein. growing performance and economic efficiency, apparent digestibility of treatments, blood parameters and carcass analysis at the end of fattening period.
Results: The results showed that the replacement of soybean meal levels with poultry by product meal was not significantly different in terms of feed performance, including dry matter intake, daily gain, feed conversion ratio and food efficiency (P> 0.05). The result showed that there was a significant difference in digestibility percentage (P <0.05). Treatment of 2 showed the lowest digestibility (%50.9894) of other treatments. The lowest feed costs per kilogram of weight gain compared to treatment 1 were respectively 7.6.3 and 4, respectively, with 15, 7.6 and 5 percent reduction in feed costs per kilogram of weight gain. Blood urea nitrogen, high density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein were significant difference (P <0.05), but for total protein, blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and low protein density lipoprotein were no significant difference (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between carcass weight, weight percentage of neck, loin, breast and fat tail. However, there was a significant difference for weight percent of leg, hand, liver and heart (P <0.05).
Conclusion: In general, the use of poultry by product meal in ration of lambs can be a good alternative to soybean meal, while maintaining the performance yield, has a good economic return.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • poultry by product meal
  • Performance
  • carcass characteristics
  • blood metabolites

مراجع

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 7، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 1-18

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