نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور
2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
3 بخش تغذیه و فیزیولوژی دام، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
Background and objective: Due to climate change and the decline in forage production in the country, it is necessary to conduct research to find suitable alternatives to common forages in dairy cow feeding. Fodder beet has been introduced as a suitable alternative in livestock nutrition in recent years due to its good nutritional properties and resistance to environmental conditions. However, no research has been conducted to investigate the effect of replacing common forages with fodder beet on feed characteristics, animal welfare performance, and rumen parameters. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing corn silage with fodder beet silage (autumn forage) on rumen fermentation parameters and chewing behavior in dairy cows.
Mateials and methods: Fodder beet was harvested in spring and then ensiled. After 60 days, the experiment was conducted in a carryover design with two treatments: 1) fodder beet silage diet and 2) corn silage diet and 10 replications (dairy cows) in two 30-day periods. Diets were sampled to determine the particle size of the diet using a Pennsylvania standard sieve on days 24 to 30 of each experimental period. The chewing behavior of the cows including eating, rumination, and resting jaw activity was recorded in each period, and rumen fluid was sampled on the last day of each period to determine the fermentation parameters in the rumen. The pH of the rumen samples was measured immediately after receipt, and then rumen fluid sampling was performed to measure ammonia nitrogen, volatile fatty acids, and examine the protozoan population.
Results: Replacing corn silage with fodder beet silage increased the amount of residual compounds in the 19 (P<0.01) and 4 (P=0.019) mm sieve, decreased physical effective fiber, decreased eating activity, rumination, and daily saliva production (P<0.01). Also, resting jaw time was longer in animals fed fodder beet silage (P<0.01). On the other hand, the use of fodder beet silage in the diet reduced pH, acetic acid, and protozoa population (P<0.01). The amount of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids were higher in the fodder beet silage treatment (P<0.01). Ammonia nitrogen production and protozoan species Entodiniinae and Isotrichidae were higher in corn silage treatment compared to fodder beet silage (P<0.01).
Conclution: Overall, the results showed that using 25% of fodder beet silage in the diet of dairy cows did not have a negative effect on livestock performance, and according to the trend of changes in rumen parameters, fodder beet silage diet had better performance than corn silage due to higher propionic acid production and reduced protozoa population. The use of fodder beet silage at a level of 25% in the forage portion is recommended for feeding dairy cows.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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