نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
Background and objectives: After birth, neonatal dairy calves are exposured to challenges such as an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and immature immune system. Trace minerals are micronutrients that play an important role in many physiological processes, such as oxidative metabolism and immunity, and are essential for the proper function of cells and tissues and also the health of animals. Source and bioavailability of trace minerals may also lead to improved growth performance and health status in livestock. Here, the effects of supplementation of copper, iron, zinc and manganese glycinate on antioxidant and inflammatory status, immune response, hematological and hormonal parameters and Health status in Holstein suckling calves were investigated.
Materials and methods: Twenty three-day-old Holstein calves (10 males and 10 females with average birth weight of 40 ± 5 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments with 10 calves per treatment. Treatments were as follows: control group receiving milk and basal starter diet + whey protein (as a carrier of trace elements) and organic treatment group receiving milk containing 1.5, 15, 6 and 6 ppm of copper, iron, zinc and manganese respectively + basal starter diet containing 10, 100, 40 and 40 ppm of copper, iron, zinc and manganese from glycinate form. Calves were weaned on day 63. In order to evaluate antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase enzyme concentration, catalase enzyme activity, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde concentration), inflammatory status (serum amyloid A and haptoglobin concentration), humoral immune response (serum immunoglobulin G concentration against ovalbumin), hematological parameters, and hormonal parameters (T3, T4 and cortisol concentration), blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, 42 and 63 through the jugular vein. The cellular immune response was measured by changes in skinfold thickness of the phytohemagglutinin injection site at the end of the experiment. Health status, eye score, nasal score and fecal score were recorded daily and rectal temperature were measured at the end of the experiment.
Results: Results showed that organic trace mineral supplemented calves had higher red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and neutrophil percentage, higher superoxide dismutase activity and rectal temperature and lower lymphocyte, lower malondialdehyde concentration and lower eye score than control calves (P<0.05). Calves receiving glycinate trace mineral tended to have lower serum amyloid A than control group calves. In addition, organic trace mineral supplemented calves had higher total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity at d 21 of the study compared to control calves (P<0.05). in the current study glycinate trace mineral supplementation could not change immune response and hormonal parameters in suckling calves.
Conclusion: In general, the supplemental feeding of copper, iron, zinc and manganese glycinate form in mentioned levels improved antioxidant status and some hematological parameters in suckling calves.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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