تاثیر مکمل‌سازی شکل گلایسینات برخی از عناصر کم‌مصرف بر وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و التهابی، پاسخ ایمنی و سلامت گوساله‌های شیرخوار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران،

2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

چکیده
سابقه و هدف: گوساله‌های شیرخوار در بدو تولد با چالش‌هایی نظیر عدم تعادل بین اکسیدان‌ها و آنتی‌اکسیدان‌ها و همچنین سامانه ایمنی تکامل نیافته مواجه هستند. مواد معدنی کم‌مصرف ریز مغذی‌هایی هستند که در فرآیندهای فیزیولوژیکی متعدد مانند سوخت و ساز اکسیداتیو و سامانه ایمنی نقش فعالی داشته و برای عملکرد بهینه سلول‌ها و بافت‌ها و سلامت حیوانات ضروری هستند. نوع منبع و فرآهمی زیستی مواد معدنی کم‌مصرف ممکن است منجر به بهبود عملکرد رشد و سلامت حیوانات شود. در پژوهش حاضر اثر مکمل‌سازی شکل گلایسینات عناصر کم‌مصرف مس، آهن، روی و منگنز بر وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و التهابی، پاسخ ایمنی، فراسنجه‌های خونی و سلامت گوساله‌های شیرخوار هلشتاین بررسی شد.
مواد و روش: تعداد 20 رأس گوساله سه ‌روزه نژاد هلشتاین (10 رأس نر، 10 رأس ماده) با میانگین وزن تولد 5 ± 40 کیلوگرم به-طور تصادفی به دو گروه تیماری و 10 رأس گوساله در هر تیمار تقسیم شدند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل گروه شاهد دریافت کننده شیر و خوراک آغازین پایه به‌همراه پروتئین آب پنیر (به‌عنوان حامل عناصر کم‌مصرف) و گروه تیمار دریافت کننده شیر حاوی 6، 5/1، 15 و 6 قسمت در میلیون روی، مس، آهن و منگنز به ترتیب + جیره آغازین پایه حاوی 40، 10، 100 و 40 قسمت در میلیون روی، مس، آهن و منگنز به شکل کمپلکس گلایسینات بود. گوساله‌ها در63 روزگی از شیر گرفته شدند. جهت ارزیابی وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (غلظت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، ظرفیت تام آنتی‌اکسیدانی و غلظت مالون‌دی‌آلدیید) و التهابی (غلظت سرم آمیلویید A و هاپتوگلوبین)، پاسخ ایمنی خونی (غلظت ایمونوگلوبولین G سرم علیه آلبومین سفیده تخم‌مرغ) و فراسنجه‌های خونی (فراسنجه‌های خون‌شناسی و غلظت هورمون‌های تری‌یدوتایرونین، تیروکسین و کورتیزول)، نمونه‌های خون در روزهای صفر، 21، 42 و 63 از طریق سیاهرگ گردنی جمع‌آوری شدند. پاسخ ایمنی سلولی با تغییرات ضخامت پوست ناحیه تزریق فایتوهماگلوتنین در انتهای آزمایش اندازه-گیری شد. ارزیابی وضعیت سلامت، نمره چشم، نمره بینی و نمره مدفوع به صورت روزانه و دمای مقعد در انتهای آزمایش اندازه‌گیری و ثبت شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که در گوساله‌های دریافت کننده شکل آلی عناصر کم‌مصرف تعداد گلبول‌های قرمز، مقدار هموگلوبین، درصد هماتوکریت و نوتروفیل، غلظت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و دمای مقعد نسبت به گروه شاهد بالاتر و درصد لنفوسیت، غلظت مالون‌دی-آلدیید و امتیاز چشم پایین‌تر بود) 05/0(P <. گوساله‌هایی که مکمل گلایسینات عناصر کم‌مصرف را دریافت کردند، نسبت به گوساله‌های گروه شاهد تمایل به کاهش غلظت سرم آمیلویید A داشتند. علاوه‌بر این گوساله‌های دریافت کننده شکل آلی عناصر کم‌مصرف در روز 21 مطالعه در مقایسه با گوساله‌های گروه شاهد فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و ظرفیت تام آنتی‌اکسیدانی بالاتری داشتند) 05/0(P <. طی این آزمایش، مکمل گلایسینات عناصر کم‌مصرف تغییری در پاسخ سامانه ایمنی و فراسنجه‌های هورمونی گوساله‌های شیرخوار ایجاد نکرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طور کلی، افزودن شکل گلایسینات عناصر کم‌مصرف مس، آهن، روی و منگنز در مقادیر مذکور به شیر و جیره آغازین سبب بهبود برخی فراسنجه‌های خونی و وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی گوساله‌های شیرخوار شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of supplementation with glycinate form of some trace minerals on antioxidant and inflammatory status, immune response, and health in suckling calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hossein Moazeni zadeh 1
  • Armin Towhidi 2
  • Mahdi Zhandi 3
  • kamran rezayazdi 3
1 Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran,
2 Department of Animal Science, faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
3 Department of Animal Science, faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and objectives: After birth, neonatal dairy calves are exposured to challenges such as an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and immature immune system. Trace minerals are micronutrients that play an important role in many physiological processes, such as oxidative metabolism and immunity, and are essential for the proper function of cells and tissues and also the health of animals. Source and bioavailability of trace minerals may also lead to improved growth performance and health status in livestock. Here, the effects of supplementation of copper, iron, zinc and manganese glycinate on antioxidant and inflammatory status, immune response, hematological and hormonal parameters and Health status in Holstein suckling calves were investigated.
Materials and methods: Twenty three-day-old Holstein calves (10 males and 10 females with average birth weight of 40 ± 5 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments with 10 calves per treatment. Treatments were as follows: control group receiving milk and basal starter diet + whey protein (as a carrier of trace elements) and organic treatment group receiving milk containing 1.5, 15, 6 and 6 ppm of copper, iron, zinc and manganese respectively + basal starter diet containing 10, 100, 40 and 40 ppm of copper, iron, zinc and manganese from glycinate form. Calves were weaned on day 63. In order to evaluate antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase enzyme concentration, catalase enzyme activity, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde concentration), inflammatory status (serum amyloid A and haptoglobin concentration), humoral immune response (serum immunoglobulin G concentration against ovalbumin), hematological parameters, and hormonal parameters (T3, T4 and cortisol concentration), blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, 42 and 63 through the jugular vein. The cellular immune response was measured by changes in skinfold thickness of the phytohemagglutinin injection site at the end of the experiment. Health status, eye score, nasal score and fecal score were recorded daily and rectal temperature were measured at the end of the experiment.
Results: Results showed that organic trace mineral supplemented calves had higher red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and neutrophil percentage, higher superoxide dismutase activity and rectal temperature and lower lymphocyte, lower malondialdehyde concentration and lower eye score than control calves (P<0.05). Calves receiving glycinate trace mineral tended to have lower serum amyloid A than control group calves. In addition, organic trace mineral supplemented calves had higher total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity at d 21 of the study compared to control calves (P<0.05). in the current study glycinate trace mineral supplementation could not change immune response and hormonal parameters in suckling calves.
Conclusion: In general, the supplemental feeding of copper, iron, zinc and manganese glycinate form in mentioned levels improved antioxidant status and some hematological parameters in suckling calves.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Trace elements
  • Suckling calves
  • Organic supplementation

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 13، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1404
صفحه 165-184

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