تأثیر افزودن بذر سیاه‌دانه و گشنیز به جیرةبره‌های نژاد غلجائی بر عملکرد رشد و فراسنجه‌های خونی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بغلان، افغانستان،

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بغلان، افغانستان

4 محقق پسا دکتری گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: گیاهان دارویی از مهم‌ترین افزودنی‌های گیاهی شناخته شده در تغذیه دام‌های نشخوارکننده هستند. فواید استفاده از گیاهان دارویی در تغذیه دام از طریق بهبود مصرف خوراک، گوارش‌پذیری و متابولیسم مواد مغذی مشاهده شده است و استفاده از گیاهان دارویی در تغذیه دام جایگزین آسان‌تر و پایدارتر نسبت به منابع مصنوعی است. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر افزودن مخلوط گیاهان دارویی سیاه‌دانه و گشنیز با نسبت‌های مختلف به جیرة بره‌های نژاد غلجایی بر عملکرد، هماتولوژی و فراسنجه‌های بیوشیمیایی خون و آنزیم‌های کبدی می‌باشد. ‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬
مواد و روش‌ها: تعداد ۲۱ رأس بره نر نژاد غلجائی با میانگین وزن ۸۹/۰± ۵۵/۱۵ کیلوگرم (۸± ۹۰ روز) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به ۳ گروه ۷ رأسی تقسیم و به مدت ۴۰ روز در جایگاه‌های انفرادی نگهداری شدند. گروه‌های آزمایشی شامل: ۱- شاهد (جیرة پایه)، ۲- جیرة پایه + ۲۰ گرم پودر ۲۰ درصد سیاه‌دانه و ۷۰ درصد گشنیز، ۳- جیرة پایه + ۲۰ گرم پودر۷۰درصد سیاه‌دانه،۳۰درصد گشنیز بودند. بره‌‌ها هر ۱۰ روز یکبار، توزین شدند. در انتهای دورۀ قبل از خوراک‌دهی صبح، به‌منظور تعیین فراسنجه‌های هماتولوژی، بیوشیمیایی، و آنزیم‌های کبدی از سیاهرگ وداج خون‌گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد، مصرف ماده خشک در تیماردوم آزمایشی نسبت به گروه شاهد ۶۸/۵ درصد بیشتر بود (۰۵/۰> P). افزایش وزن روزانه (82/17 و 14/18 درصد) و وزن نهایی (99/5 و 78/6 درصد) نیز در تیمارهای دوم و سوم مقایسه با گروه شاهد 82/17 و 14/18 درصد و افزایش داشت (05/0> P). تفاوت معنی‌داری بین گروه شاهد و تیمارها از لحاظ ضریب تبدیل خوراک مشاهده نشد. شمار گلبول‌های قرمز در تیمار 3 بیشتر از گروه شاهد بود (05/0> P). اما فراسنجه‌های دیگر مربوط به گلبول‌های قرمز (میانگین حجم گلبول‌های قرمز، پراکندگی گلبول‌های قرمز و هماتوکریت) تحت‌تأثیری گیاهان دارویی قرار نگرفت. غلظت پلاکت‌ها در تیمار سوم کمتر از گروه شاهد گزارش شد (05/0> P)، همچنین غلظت هموگلوبین و شمار گلبول‌های سفید تحت‌تأثیر گیاهان دارویی قرار نگرفتند. علاوه بر این غلظت گلوکز خون بره‌ها در تیمارهای دریافت‌کننده گیاهان دارویی بیشتر بود (05/0> P). هرچند مخلوط گیاهان دارویی بر غلظت تری گلیسیرید اثری نداشت؛ ولی غلظت اوره در تیمار سوم و غلظت کلسترول و کراتنین در تیمار دوم کمتر از گروه شاهد بود (05/0> P). غلظت پروتئین کل و گلبولین در تیمارهای آزمایشی با گروه شاهد تفاوت نداشت برعکس غلظت آلبومین در تیمار دوم بیشتر از گروه شاهد بود (01/0> P). بر خلاف آنزیم آلانبن آمینوترانسفراز فعالیت آنزیم آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز در تیماردوم بیشتر و در تیمار سوم کمتر از گروه شاهد بود (01/0> P).
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج آزمایش نشان داد استفاده از مخلوط گیاهان سیاه‌دانه و گشنیز با نسبت‌های 70 درصد سیاه‌دانه و 30 درصد گشنیز و برعکس مخلوط 30 درصد سیاه‌دانه و 70 درصد گشنیزباعث بهبود عملکرد بره های نژاد غلجائی شد، استفاده از این تیمارها، غلظت گلوکز سرم خون را افزایش و غلظت اوره وکلسترول را کاهش داد . اما بر بقیه فراسنجه های خونی اثری نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of adding Nigella sativa and coriander seeds to the diet of Ghiljai lambs on performance and blood metabolites

نویسندگان [English]

  • wahidullah charkhi 1
  • Fardin Hozhabri 2
  • Shir Agha Hamidi 3
  • Hazhir Beheshtizadeh 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Baghlan University, Afghanistan,
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Baghlan University, Afghanistan
4 Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and objective: Medicinal plants are the most important herbal additives known in the ration of ruminant animals. Beneficial effects of using medicinal plants in animal nutrition have been observed through improving feed intake, digestibility and nutrient metabolism, and using medicinal plants in animal nutrition is an easier and more sustainable alternative than artificial sources. The object of the present study is to investigate the effect of adding a mixture of medicinal plants of black seed and coriander with different ratios to the diet of Ghaljai lambs breed on performance, haematology, biochemical metabolites and liver enzymes.
Materials and methods: Twenty-one male Ghaljai lambs with an average weight of 15.55 ± 0.89 kg (90±8 days) were divided into 3 groups of 7 in a completely random design and kept in individual pens(coop) for 40 days. Experimental groups included: 1- control (basal diet), 2- basal diet + 20 g of black seed powder 30% and 70% coriander, 3- basal diet + 20 g of plant powder 70% black seeds, and 30% coriander. Lambs were weighed every 10 days. At the end of the experiment, before morning feeding, blood was taken from the jugular vein of the lambs in order to determine the parameters of haematology, biochemical and liver enzyme properties.
Result:Results of the research showed that consumption of dry matter was higher (5.68 percent) in 2 treatment than in the control group (P<0.05). Daily weight gain and final weight also increased in the 2 and 3 treatments (17.82, 18.14 and 5.99, 6.78 percent) compared to the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the control group and treatments in terms of the feed-to-product conversion factor. The number of red blood cells in treatment 3 was higher than in the control group (P<0.05), but medicinal plants did not affect the rest of the parameters related to red blood cells. Also, the concentration of platelets in treatment 2 was reported to be lower than in the control group (P<0.05), but related parameters of haemoglobin and white blood cells were not affected by medicinal plants. The blood glucose concentration of lambs was higher in experimental treatments (P<0.05). However, the mixture of medicinal plants did not affect triglyceride concentration, but the concentration of urea in the third treatment and the concentration of cholesterol and creatinine in the 2 treatment were lower than the control group (P<0.05). The concentration of protein and globulin in experimental treatments did not differ from the control group; on the contrary, albumin concentration in treatment 2 was higher than the control group (P<0.01). Unlike Alanbene aminotransferase, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme was higher in the 2 treatments and lower in the third treatment than the control group (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Results of the experiment showed that the use of the mixture of nigella and coriander plants with proportions of 30% nigella sativa and 70% coriander, and on the contrary, the mixture of 30% nigella sativa and 70% coriander improved the performance of Ghaljai lambs and increased the concentration of serum glucose in these lambs. It reduced urea and cholesterol and had no adverse effects on other blood parameters.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aspartate aminotransferase enzyme
  • Daily weight gain
  • Dry matter intake
  • Glucose
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