تاثیر تغذیه ذرات نانو اکسید روی بر مصرف مادۀ خشک، ترکیبات شیر و فراسنجه‌های خونی گاوهای شیری هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران، البرز، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه شیمی، مرکز تحقیقات دارو رسانی نانو، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: توسعه فناوری نانو سبب تولید ذرات نانو روی گردیده است که ویژگی‌های منحصر بفردی نظیر سطح تماس گسترده‌تر، فعالیت سطحی بالاتر، بازده کنش‌یار بیشتر و توانایی جذب قوی‌تری دارند. تغذیۀ ذرات نانو روی نسبت به سایر منابع، بازده بالاتری داشته و مسمومیت با آن احتمال کمتری دارد. از طرفی این ترکیب می‌تواند سبب بهبود رشد باکتری‌های شکمبه و بازده مصرف انرژی شود. از همین رو هدف تحقیق حاضر، بررسی تاثیر تغذیه ذرات نانو روی بر مصرف ماده خشک، ترکیبات شیر و فراسنجه‌های خونی گاوهای شیری هلشتاین پس از زایش می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: تعداد 24 رأس گاو شیری هلشتاین با میانگین وزنی (20±650 کیلوگرم) و تعداد شکم زایش (2 و بیشتر) و روزهای شیردهی (4±70 روز) طی یک دوره آزمایشی 35 روزه 4 جیره آزمایشی شامل: 1) جیره حاوی 30 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک اکسید روی؛ 2) جیره پایه به‌علاوه 30 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک ذرات نانو اکسید روی (ZnO-NPs)؛ 3) جیره پایه به‌علاوه 60 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک ZnO-NPs؛ (خلوص 99 درصد) و 4) جیره پایه به‌علاوه 90 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک ZnO-NPs در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی تغذیه و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. تولید آزمایشگاهی ذره نانو روی به روش هم‌رسوبی انجام شد. شیردوشی و خوراک‌دهی گاوها سه مرتبه در روز انجام شد. همچنین نمونه خوراک و باقی‌مانده خوراک 2 بار در هفته جمع‌آوری گردید. جهت اندازه‌گیری ترکیبات شیر به صورت هفتگی 3 روز متوالی نمونه‌های شیر جمع‌آوری شد. همچنین برای اندازه‌گیری فراسنجه‌های سرم نیز نمونه‌های خون به صورت هفتگی دو ساعت پس از خوراک‌دهی وعده صبح با استفاده از سرنگ خلاء از سیاهرگ دُمی گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که مادۀ خشک مصرفی و مقدار تولید شیر تحت تاثیر جیره‌های آزمایشی قرار نگرفتند (05/0<P). تعداد سلول‌های بدنی تحت تاثیر مصرف ZnO-NPs به‌طور معنی‌دار روند کاهشی داشت (05/0>P) سایر ترکیبات شیر، مانند پروتئین، چربی، لاکتوز، نیتروژن اوره‌ای شیر، اسیدهای چرب آزاد غیر استریفیه، بتا هیدروکسی بوتیرات تحت تاثیر مصرف ذرات نانو روی قرار نگرفتند (05/0<P). گاوهای گروه ZnO-NPs نسبت به گروه پایه غلظت آنزیم سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز بیشتری نشان دادند (05/0>P). دیگر ترکیبات اندازه‌گیری شده از سرم گاوها در بین گروه‌های آزمایشی تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشتند (05/0<P).
نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی، تغذیه عنصر روی در گاوهای شیری از منابع آلی می‌تواند به عنوان راهکاری مناسب جهت مدیریت تولیدات نهایی گله‌های شیری مطرح گردد. نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که استفاده از نانو روی در جیره‌های غذایی نسبت به فرم معدنی آن منجر به افزایش بهره‌وری تولیدات و عملکرد گاوهای شیری شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of zinc Oxid nanoparticle feeding on dry matter intake, milk composition and blood parameters of Holstein dairy cows.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abed Zarqami 1
  • abolfazl Zali 2
  • Mahdi Ganjkhanlou 2
  • Mostafa sadeghi 2
  • Ronak Rafipour 3
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Alborz, Iran
2 Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: The development of nanotechnology has led to the production of zinc nanoparticles, which possess unique characteristics such as a wider contact surface, higher surface activity, higher catalytic efficiency and stronger absorption ability. This combination has the potential to improve the growth of rumen bacteria and enhance energy consumption. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of zinc nanoparticle supplementation on dry matter intake, milk composition and blood parameters in Holstein dairy cows.
Materials and methods: The number of 24 Holstein dairy cows with an average weight (650±20 kg) and the number of calving bellies (2 and more) and lactation days (70±4 days) during a 35-day trial period, 4 trial diets including. The treatments: 1) Basal Diet containing 30 mg/KgDM zinc oxide, 2) Basal Diet + containing 30 mg/KgDM ZnO-NPs, 3) Basal Diet + containing 60 mg/KgDM ZnO-NPs, and 4) Basal Diet + containing 90 mg/KgDM ZnO-NPs. The study followed completely randomized design Zinc nanoparticles were produced in the laboratory using the by co-precipitation method. The cows were milked and fed three times a day. Feed samples and residues were collected twice a week. Milk samples were collected weekly for three consecutive days. To measure, Milk composition, Blood samples were taken weekly two hours after the morning meal using a vacuum syringe from the tail vein to measure serum parameters.
Results: The results showed that the dry matter intake and the amount of milk production were not affected by the experimental diets (P>0.05). The number of body cells significantly decreased under the influence of ZnO-NPs nanoparticle consumption (P<0.05). They were not affected by the consumption of ZnO-NPs particles (P>0.05). Cows in the ZnO-NPs nanoparticle group showed higher concentration of SOD enzyme than the base group (P<0.05). Other compounds measured from the serum of cows were not significantly different among the experimental groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Overall, feeding zinc nanoparticles to dairy cows can be suggested as a solution to enhance of the dairy herd management.. The results showed that nano zinc sources in the diet of dairy cows were more suitable as a supplement compared to the mineral form of zinc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Zinc oxide
  • ZnO-NPs particles
  • performance of dairy cows
  • Blood parameters

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 12، شماره 3
آذر 1403
صفحه 21-38

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