بررسی شناسایی فرم‏های مختلف آللی ژن میوستاتین و بررسی صفات بیومتری وزن بدن و لاشه اندازه‌گیری شده با اولتراسوند در گوسفند کردی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان،

2 استاد، گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان،، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح دام و طیور ، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
سابقه و هدف: ژن میوستاتین به عنوان عامل مهارکننده رشد عضله اسکلتی شناخته شده و اگر جهش در ناحیه کدکننده آن اتفاق افتد، باعث تغییر نقش مهاری آن و افزایش عضله می‏گردد. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی چندشکلی موجود در اگزون 3 ژن میوستاتین و بررسی صفات بیومتری وزن بدن و لاشه اندازه‏گیری ‌‌‌‌شده با اولتراسونوگرافی در گوسفند کردی انجام شد.
مواد و روش: در این پژوهش برای اندازه‌گیری صفات ضخامت چربی پشت و مساحت ماهیچه چشمی از دستگاه اولتراسوند استفاده شد. خون‌گیری به طور تصادفی از تعداد 139 راس گوسفند کردی انجام و پس از استخراج DNA، قطعه 338 جفت بازی اگزون 3 ژن میوستاتین تکثیر شد. جهت تعیین ژنوتیپ‏ ژن میوستاتین، از تکنیک‏هایPCR-RFLP ، PCR-SSCP و تعیین توالی مستقیم استفاده شد. بررسی اثرات ثابت جنس، نوع تولد و سال تولد بر صفات مورد مطالعه با رویه GLM نرم‌افزار SAS و مقایسه میانگین‌های حداقل مربعات سطوح اثرات ثابت با آزمون توکی- کرامر در سطح معنی‌داری 5 درصد انجام شد. برای بررسی ارتباط بین صفات از همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شد.
یافته‏ها: در روش‏PCR-RFLP پس از هضم آنزیمی تمام نمونه‏ها، تنها یک ژنوتیپ مشاهده شد و این جایگاه مونومورف (تک شکل) می‏باشد. نتایج به‏دست آمده از روش PCR-SSCP، دو الگوی باندیA و B را نشان داد که شباهت زیادی بین دو الگوی مشاهده شده وجود داشت. لذا برای تعیین ژنوتیپ واقعی، برخی از نمونه‏ها با الگوی متفاوت با روش توالی‌یابی مستقیم مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند که نتایج نشان داد که در بین نمونه‌ها چندشکلی وجود ندارد. میانگین ضخامت چربی پشت و مساحت عضله راسته اندازه‏گیری شده با اولتراسونوگرافی در این مطالعه به‏ترتیب 46/0 سانتی‏متر و 78/7 سانتی‏متر مربع با میانگین وزن بدن 42/43 کیلوگرم بود. همبستگی بین دو صفت اولتراسوند (ضخامت چربی پشت و مساحت ماهیچه چشمی)، مثبت و 84/0 برآورد شد (01/0P<). کمترین ضریب همبستگی ضخامت چربی لاشه و مساحت ماهیچه چشمی با صفات مورد مطالعه به‏ترتیب 02/0 و 3/0 مربوط به صفات وزن تولد و از شیرگیری بود و بیشترین ضریب همبستگی صفات مورد مطالعه با ضخامت چربی لاشه و مساحت ماهیچه چشمی به‏ترتیب 82/0 و 87/0 مربوط به صفات وزن بدن در هنگام اولتراسونوگرافی و عرض دنبه میانی بود (001/0P<).
نتیجه‏گیری: در این پژوهش با استفاده از نشانگر ژنتیکیPCR-SSCP، PCR-RFLP و تعیین توالی مستقیم تنها یک ژنوتیپ در ژن میوستاتین تشخیص داده شد. با توجه به اینکه منابع مختلف، آلل جهش یافته ژن میوستاتین را به عنوان آلل موثر بر فنوتیپ عضله مضاعف و مطلوب جهت اصلاح نژاد و بهبود کیفیت و کمیت گوشت معرفی کرده اند، گله مورد بررسی فاقد این آلل بود. با توجه به تنوع نسبتا مناسب مشاهده شده در صفات مورد مطالعه بویژه صفات لاشه اندازه گیری شده با اولتراسوند، زمینه لازم برای اصلاح این صفات از طریق انتخاب وجود خواهد داشت.
کلمات کلیدی: چندشکلی، ژن میوستاتین، PCR-RFLP،PCR-SSCP ، گوسفند کردی

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of different allelic forms of myostatin gene and investigation of body weight and carcass biometric traits measured by ultrasound in Kurdi sheep

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Rayeji Yanesari 1
  • saeed Hassani 2
  • Mojtaba Najafi 3
1 Master's student, Animal and Poultry Genetics and Breeding Department, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
2 Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Animal Science. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Animal Science. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstrast
Background and Aim: Myostatin gene is an inhibitor of skeletal muscle developmentmutations in its coding regionpromotesmuscle growth in some breeds, mutation of the myostatin gene has a significant effect on the increase of the body weight and carcass traits. This study was aimed to investigate the polymorphisms in exon 3 of the myostatin gene and evaluate investigation of body weights and carcass traits measured by ultrasound in Kurdi sheep.
Materials and Methods: In this study, back fat thickness and loin muscel area traits were measured by ultrasound instrument. Blood samples were collected randomly from 139 Kurdi sheep and following DNA extraction, a 388 bp fragment from exon 3 of myostatin gene was amplified. For genotyping of myostatin gene, PCR-SSCP, PCR-RFLP, and direct sequencing techniques were used. To determine the fixed effects of gender, birth type and birth year on the studied traits, GLM procdure of SAS software was used. Least square means comparison of different fixed effects subclasses was carried out by Tukey-Kramer test at 5% probability level. To measure the relationships between tarits, pearson correlation was used.
Results: In PCR-RFLP technique, after enzymatic digestion of all samples, only one genotype was observed and this locus was monomorphic. PCR-SSCP analysis showed two band patterns A and B, which were very similar in shape. Therefore, to determine the actual genotype, some samples with different band patterns were evaluated by direct sequencing technique. The results showed that there is no polymorphism among samples. The mean ultrasonic fat thickness and loin muscle area in this study were 0.46 cm and 7.78 cm2, respectively, with an average body weight of 43.42 kg at the time of ultrasonography. The correlation between the two ultrasound carcass traits (UBF and UMA) was positive (r=0.84, P<0.0001). The lowest correlation coefficient of carcass fat thickness and ocular muscle area with the studied traits were 0.02 and 0.3, for birth weight and weaning traits, respectively. The highest correlation coefficient of the studied traits with carcass fat thickness and loin muscle area were 0.82 and 0.87 for body weight at the time of ultrasonography and middle tail width, respectively (P=0.001).

Conclusion: In this study, using PCR-SSCP, PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing, only one genotype was detected in the myostatin gene. Considering that various studies have introduced the mutated allele of the myostatin gene as an effective allele on the double muscling for breeding and improving the quality and quantity of meat, the studied herd did not have the allele. Considering the relatively suitable diversity observed in the studied traits, especially the carcass traits measured by ultrasound, there will be a possiblity to improve the traits through selection.
Keyword: Kurdi sheep, Myostatin Gene, PCR-RFLP, PCR-SSCP, Polymorphism

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Polymorphism
  • Myostatin Gene
  • PCR-RFLP
  • PCR- SSCP
  • Kurdi sheep

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 11، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1402
صفحه 37-54

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