تاثیر ترکیبات متفاوت با ویژگی بافری بر سرنوشت نیتروژن جیره‌های با نسبت‌های متفاوت علوفه به مواد متراکم در شرایط برون تنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد، گروه علوم دامی ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد،

چکیده

سابقه و هدف : به‌منظور افزایش بهره‌وری، استفاده از موادمتراکم با انرژی بالا در جیره دام‌ها امری ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد. این نوع خوراک احتمال بروز اسیدوز تحت حاد شکمبه‌ای را افزایش داده که منجر به کاهش مصرف ماده خشک، میزان تولید و چربی شیر می-شود. از این رو برای کاهش پیامدهای فوق، از انواع متفاوتی از بافرها استفاده می‌شود. از جمله بافرهای رایج مورد استفاده در مزارع دامپروری می‌توان به کربنات سدیم، بی‌کربنات سدیم، کربنات پتاسیم، بی‌کربنات پتاسیم، اکسید منیزیم، کربنات منیزیم و بنتونیت اشاره نمود. نتایج آزمایش‌های متعددی که بر روی بافرها صورت گرفته است، نشان دادند ظرفیت بافری خوراک‌هایی که تحت آزمایش کشت تولید گاز قرار می‌گیرند، می‌توانند پتانسیل تخمیرپذیری را از طریق تغییر در حجم، پتانسیل و ثابت نرخ گاز تولیدی تحت تأثیر قرار دهد.
مواد و روش‌ها : در این پژوهش به روش برون تنی 3 نوع جیره برای گاوهای شیرده با نسبت‌های 50:50، 40:60 و 30:70 علوفه به مواد متراکم و 4 نوع ترکیب بافر شامل بی‌کربنات سدیم، کربنات سدیم، کربنات پتاسیم و کربنات منیزیم استفاده شد. مراحل انجام این آزمایش شامل تعیین pH اولیه، ظرفیت بافری و شاخص ارزش بافری، تعیین اثر بافرها بر میزان فراسنجه‌های تخمیرپذیری (شامل فراسنجه تولید گاز از بخش دارای پتانسیل تخمیر، فراسنجه ثابت نرخ تولید گاز و نیمه عمر تولید گاز)، تولید پروتئین میکروبی و تولید پروتئین قابل استفاده در روده باریک جیره‌های متفاوت به لحاظ نسبت علوفه به مواد متراکم بود.
یافته‌ها : نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد بیشترین میزان ارزش اسیدزایی مربوط به تیمار جیره کم علوفه حاوی بافر بی‌کربنات سدیم بوده-است که اختلاف معنی‌داری با تیمار شاهد داشت (05/0>P). همچنین نتایج آزمایش تولید گاز نشان داد که در آزمایش تولید پروتئین میکروبی شکمبه، بیشترین میزان پروتئین میکروبی تولید شده در بین تیمارها، متعلق به تیمار جیره کم علوفه حاوی بافر بی‌کربنات سدیم می‌باشد. بیشترین میزان پروتئین قابل استفاده در روده باریک در زمان های 8 و 24 ساعت مربوط به تیمار خوراک کم علوفه حاوی بافر بی‌کربنات سدیم بوده است.
نتیجه‌گیری : نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که ظرفیت بافری کربنات سدیم، کربنات پتاسیم و کربنات منیزیم به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از بی‌کربنات سدیم است. استفاده از بافر بی‌کربنات سدیم و کربنات پتاسیم در جیره کم‌علوفه باعث افزایش تولید گاز و افزایش پروتئین میکروبی می‌شود. همچنین میزان پروتئین قابل استفاده در روده باریک هنگام استفاده از بافرهای بی‌کربنات سدیم و کربنات پتاسیم از بیش‌ترین مقدار برخوردار بود. به‌نظر می‌رسد استفاده از ترکیبات با ظرفیت بافری بالاتر موجب بهبود در مصرف نیتروژن شکمبه‌ای از طریق افزایش در تولید پروتئین میکروبی و همچنین بهبود در پروتئین قابل استفاده در روده باریک خواهدشد. بهتر است مخلوط این بافرها بر اساس ظرفیت بافری در شرایط درون تنی نیز بررسی شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

In vitro effect of different potentially buffers on fate of nitrogen of diets containing various forage to concentrate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra asadollahi 1
  • Mohsen Daneshmesgaran 2
  • Seyed Alireza Vakili 2
  • Abdolmansour Tahmasbi 2
1 Ph.D. student, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran,
چکیده [English]

Background and objective: In order to increase efficiency and productivity, the need to use high-energy concentrate in dairy cows rations seems to be essential. This type of feed increases the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis, which leads to reduced dry matter intake, milk production and fat content. Therefore, different types of buffers are used to reduce the above consequences. Most buffers used in livestock farms include sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate and bentonite. Scientific reports on ration containing buffers has a significant effect of fermentation parameters such as volume of gas production, potential and consistent rate of gas production.
Materials and Methods: In this study, three types of rations for dairy cows compose 50:50, 40:60 and 30:70 forage to concentrate rations and 4 types of buffers and alkalizer including sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and magnesium carbonate were examined by in vitro technique. The squence of this experiment included determining the initial pH, buffering capacity and buffering value index, determining the effect of buffers on the rate of fermentation parameters, microbial production and utilizable crude protein at the duodenum of different diets in terms of forage to concentrate ratios.
Results: The results of this experiment showed that the highest acidogenicity value was related to the treatment of low forage rations containing sodium bicarbonate buffer, which was significantly di
fferent from the control treatment. The rate of microbial protein production, in gas technique,indicated that highest amount of microbial protein was produced in the low-forage ration containing sodium bicarbonate buffer. In the microbial protein production experiment, it could be used in the small intestine. The highest amount of protein that could be used in the small intestine at eight and Twenty-four hours was related to the treatment of low forage feed containing sodium bicarbonate buffer.
Conclusion: The results of treatments indicated that the buffering capacity of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and magnesium carbonate was significantly higher than sodium bicarbonate. The use of sodium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate buffers in low forage diets increases gas production and increases microbial protein. The amount of utilizable crude protein at the duodenum was the highest when using sodium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate buffers. It seem by usingthe componds with higher buffering capacity, the fate of ruminal nitrogen alter via increasing of microbial protein production and utilizable crude protein at the duodenum. It is better to use the mixture of these buffers based on the buffering capacity on in vivo.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Buffer
  • Buffering capacity
  • Microbial protein synthesis
  • Ruminal pH
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