اثر سطوح مختلف روغن هسته انار در جیره بر فراسنجه‌های خونی و الگوی اسیدهای چرب عضله دو سر ران بره‌های نر پرواری نژاد سنجابی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه آموزشی علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی

2 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه رازی

چکیده

چکیده:
سابقه وهدف: بهبود کیفیت فرآورده های دامی با اعمال روش‌های نوین علمی و عملی در رابطه با تغذیه دام بیش از هر زمانی مورد توجه محققین قرار‌گرفته است. پرورش دام در سیستم بسته و با دسترسی کم به علوفه مرتع، سبب کاهش اسیدهای چرب مفید در فراورده‌های دامی می‌شود. مطالعات متعدد نشان داده است که الگوی اسیدهای چرب بافت‌های عضله و چربی نشخوارکنندگان تا حدی از طریق عوامل پرورشی از جمله جیره، قابل تغییر است. بنابراین، در این مطالعه روغن هسته انار به دلیل نسبت بالاتر اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع و سرشار بودن از ترکیبات استروئیدی و پلی‌فنلی با هدف تأثیر آن بر فراسنجه‌های خونی و الگوی اسیدهای چرب عضله دو سر ران بره‌های پرواری، در جیره مورد استفاده قرار گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: این آزمایش با 21 رأس بره نر نژاد سنجابی 3 تا 4 ماهه با میانگین وزنی 6/2±5/27 کیلوگرم به منظور بررسی تاثیر روغن هسته انار بر پارامتر های خون و الگوی اسیدهای چرب عضله دو سر ران انجام شد. بره‌ها به‌طور تصادفی به سه گروه تقسیم و با جیره های پلت شده (شاهد، حاوی دو درصد و چهار درصد روغن هسته انار) به مدت 90 روز تغذیه شدند جیره‌های آزمایشی بر اساس جداول انجمن ملی تحقیقات(2001) به صورت ایزونیتروژنوس و ایزوکالریک تنظیم شدند. در پایان ماه‌های اول، دوم و سوم دوره پروار از هر دام 10 میلی‌لیتر خون‌گیری به عمل آمد و غلظت متابولیت‌های آن اندازه‌گیری شد.نمونه‌های هموژنیزه شده عضله دوسر ران برای تعیین ترکیب اسیدهای چرب طبق روش اصلاح شده فولچ و همکاران (1975) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. مشتق سازی نمونه‌های چربی به روش متکالف و اشمیتز(1961) انجام شد. شناسایى و تعیین الگوی اسیدهاى چرب با دستگاه گاز کروماتوگرافی انجام شد. آزمایش بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا شد. تجزیه‌ آماری داده‌های با استفاده از رویه GLMو مقایسه میانگین‌ها با استفاده از آزمون چند دامنه‌ای دانکن با کمک نرم‌افزارSAS نسخه 1/9 انجام شد (17 و 36).
یافته‌ها: نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد که غلظت آنزیم‌های کبدی آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز، آلانین آمینوترانسفراز و آلکالین فسفاتاز و همچنین انسولین، اسید اوریک و کراتینین تحت تأثیر استفاده از سطوح مختلف روغن هسته انار در جیره قرار نگرفت. تفاوت معنی‌داری در میزان اسیدهای ‌چرب پالمیتیک، استئاریک، میریستیک و ایزومرهای اسید لینولئیک و اسید لینولنیک در عضله ران بره‌های پرواری مشاهده نشد. با افزودن روغن هسته انار در سطح 4 درصد میزان اسیدهای‌چرب غیراشباع دارای یک پیوند دوگانه به طور معنی‌داری در مقایسه با کنترل (69/47 در مقابل 08/39) کاهش یافت (05/0P<). با اینکه تفاوت معنی‌داری در میزان اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع دارای چند پیوند دوگانه و نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع به اسیدهای چرب اشباع بین تیمارهای مختلف آزمایشی از لحاظ آماری مشاهده نشد، اما مقدار این اسیدهای چرب به ترتیب 3/2 و 2/2 برابر افزایش یافت. از طرفی میزان کل اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع امگا-3 به طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به تغییرات مثبت مشاهده شده در اسیدهای چرب دارای یک پیوند دوگانه و اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 و نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع به اسیدهای چرب اشباع با افزایش سطح روغن هسته انار در جیره، استفاده از این روغن را می‌توان به میزان 4 درصد در جیره بره‌های پرواری توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of pomegranate seed oil in diet on blood parameters and fatty acid pattern of Bicepsfemoris muscle in fattening Sanjabi male lambs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Karampour 1
  • Farokh Kafilzadeh 2
1 Animal Science department, agriculture faculty, Razi university, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Animal Science department, agriculture faculty, Razi university, kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Improvement of the quality of animal products by new scientific and practical methods is one of the important goals of animal nutritionists. Rearing systems based on low access to pasture decrease the useful fatty acids in animal products. Several studies have been shown that feeding strategies are known as the most effective factor on alteration of fatty acid composition of muscle and fatty tissues in ruminants. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the influence of Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) with higher ratio of unsaturated fatty acids, steroidal and polyphenolic compounds on blood metabolites and fatty acid profiles in bicepsfemoris muscles in the fattening lambs.
Materials and Methods: Twenty one male Sanjabi lambs (BW=27.5±2.6 kg, 3-4 months old) were used to evaluate the effects of PSO supplementation on blood parameters and fatty acid pattern of bicepsfemoris muscle. Lambs were randomly distributed between three treatments (control, and diets containing 2 and 4% of PSO) and were fed adlibitum for 90 days. The experimental diets were formulated (DM basis) to be isonitrogenous (CP=14.7%) and isocaloric (ME=2.6 Mcal/kgDM) and to meet NRC (2001) .Blood samples were taken from each lamb (10 ml) at the end of first, second, and third months and metabolite parameters concentration in blood were measured. Samples of Bicepsfemoris muscle were dissected and homogenized for determination of fatty acid composition to the procedure described by Folch et al. (1957). Fatty acid derivatives were prepared by methylation of the fatty acids (Metcalfe and Schmitz, 1961). The pattern of Fatty acids were determined by using gas chromatography apparatus (17, 37). This study was based on completely randomized design. Data were analyzed statistically by general linear model (GLM) procedure and means comparing were done by Duncan's multi-domain test with SAS (2004) software version 9.1 (51).
Results: Results show that concentration of AST, ALT and ALP, insulin, uric acid and creatinine, were not affected by different levels of PSO in diet. No significant difference was observed in the amount of palmitic, stearic, myristic, linoleic acid (C18: 2) and linolenic acid (C18: 3) in bicepsfemoris muscle. Addition of PSO at level of 4% decreased (P <0.05) the MUFA level compared to control (47.69 vs. 39.08). Mean PUFA and PUFA to SFA ratio in bicepsfemoris muscle of lambs received PSO were higher than those in the control group (2.3 and 2.2 times, respectively). However, these differences were not significantly different. Total amount of omega-3 fatty acids (PUFA n-3) significantly increased due to feeding PSO.
Conclusion: Due to positive trend observed in MUFA, n-3 fatty acids and PUFA: SFA ratio, with increasing the levels of PSO, addition 4% of this oil in the diet of fattening lambs is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Pomegranate seed oil"
  • "Fattening Lamb"
  • "Blood Metabolites"
  • "Fatty Acid"
  • "Muscle Tissue"

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 8، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 17-34

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