بررسی تاثیر باکتری‏های تولید کننده و مصرف کننده اسید لاکتیک و ساکارومایسیس سرویسیه بر فراسنجه‏های تولید گاز، تخمیر شکمبه‎ای و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی در جیره با کنسانتره بالا به روش برون‏ تنی در گوسفند عربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

2 دانشگاه رامین

3 Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Edo de México, México

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: اسیدوز یکی از اختلالات تغذیه‏ای در نشخوارکنندگان می‏باشد که به دلیل مصرف مقادیر زیاد کربوهیدرات‏های با قابلیت تخمیر بالا و ظرفیت بافری پایین شکمبه در نتیجه مصرف کم فیبر ایجاد می‏شود. از این رو راهکارهایی از جمله استفاده از افزودنی‏های میکروبی به منظور جلوگیری از بروز اسیدوز پیشنهاد شده است. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تاثیر استفاده از سه افزودنی خوراکی میکروبی (باکتری‏های تولید کننده و مصرف کننده اسید لاکتیک و مخمر ساکارومایسیس سرویسیه) در جیره با کنسانتره بالا بر فراسنجه‎های تولید گاز و تخمیر شکمبه‏ای در شرایط برون‏تنی در گوسفند و با فرض تاثیر مثبت استفاده هم زمان افزودنی‏ها در مقایسه با کاربرد آن‏ها به تنهایی و تیمار کنترل انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‏ها: به منظور بررسی تاثیر افزودنی‏های میکروبی بر فراسنجه‎های تولید گاز، تخمیر شکمبه‏ای و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی به روش برون‏تنی 8 تیمار آزمایشی شامل 1) کنترل (جیره پایه (نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه 70 به 30) بدون افزودنی میکروبی)؛ 2) جیره پایه + مگاسفرا السدنی (Me)؛ 3) جیره پایه + ساکارومایسیس سرویسیه(SC)؛ 4) جیره پایه + لاکتوباسیلوس فرمنتوم+لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم (FP)؛ 5) جیره پایه + مگاسفرا السدنی+ساکارومایسیس سرویسیه (MSC)؛ 6) جیره پایه + مگاسفرا السدنی+لاکتوباسیلوس فرمنتوم+لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم (MFP)؛ 7) جیره پایه + ساکارومایسیس سرویسیه+لاکتوباسیلوس فرمنتوم+لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم (SCFP) و 8) جیره پایه + مگاسفرا السدنی+ساکارومایسیس سرویسیه+لاکتوباسیلوس فرمنتوم+لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم (MSCFP) در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. به منظور بررسی اثر بخشی تیمارهای آزمایشی از تکنیک تولید گاز و هضم دو مرحله‏ای در شرایط آزمایشگاهی استفاده شد. مایع شکمبه مورد نیاز از 3 راس گوسفند نر عربی تغذیه شده با جیره بر پایه علوفه گرفته شد.
یافته‏ها: تحت تاثیر استفاده از افزودنی‏های خوراکی میکروبی میزان گاز تولیدی در همه زمان‎ها به طور معنی‏داری برای تیمار MSCFP افزایش یافت (05/0>P). همچنین کم‎ترین میزان متان تولیدی در تیمار MSC مشاهده شد (05/0>P). استفاده از افزودنی‎های خوراکی میکروبی سبب بهبود فراسنجه‎های تولید گاز شد (قابلیت هضم ماده‏آلی و انرژی قابل متابولیسم) (05/0>P). همچنین بیش‎ترین میزان پروتئین میکروبی در تیمار MSC مشاهده شد. قابلیت هضم پروتئین خام و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی به طور معنی‎داری در تیمارهای FP و MSCFP افزایش یافت (05/0>P). بیش‏ترین میزان قابلیت هضم الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی در تیمار SCFP مشاهده شد (05/0>P). غلظت کل اسیدهای چرب فرار به طور معنی‏داری برای تیمار MSCFP افزایش یافت (05/0>P). بیش‏ترین درصد اسید چرب استات در تیمار کنترل مشاهده شد (05/0>P) و در مقابل استفاده از افزودنی‏های خوراکی میکروبی سبب افزایش درصد پروپیونات و بوتیرات به ترتیب در تیمارهای MSC و FP شد (05/0>P). همچنین استفاده از افزودنی‏های خوراکی میکروبی سبب کاهش نسبت استات به پروپیونات و همچنین کاهش نسبت استات+بوتیرات به پروپیونات شد (05/0>P). بیش‎ترین غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی در تیمارهای MSCFP و SCFP مشاهده شد (05/0>P).
نتیجه‏گیری: با توجه به نتایج مثبت تیمارهای آزمایشی بر تولید گاز، کاهش تولید متان و همچنین قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی، شاید بتوان استفاده از این افزودنی‎های میکروبی را در جیره با کنسانتره بالا در بره پرواری توصیه کرد. از این رو این تیمارها FP، SCFP و MSCFP کاندیدای خوبی برای استفاده هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of lactate producing and utilizing bacterias and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on anaerobic biofermentation and digestibility in Arabi sheep

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Direkvandi 1
  • Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem 3
1 Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
2
3 Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Edo de México, México
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Acidosis is a nutritional disorder that is often caused by intake of the high amount of fermentable carbohydrate and an inadequate amount of fiber to induce buffering in the rumen. Hence, a strategy such as the use of microbial additives to prevent acidosis have been suggested. So, this study performed to investigate the effect of using three microbial feed additives (lactate producing and utilizing bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in high-concentrate diet on in vitro anaerobic fermentation and digestibility in sheep. Our hypothesis was that the combination of microbial additives compared with individual use and without additives will have a positive effect on in vitro gas production parameters and digestibility in sheep.
Materials and methods: For investigating the effect of microbial additives on the in vitro gas production (GP) parameter, ruminal fermentation and digestibility, 8 treatments were studied based on as factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design; (1) control (basal diet (70% concentrate and 30% forage) without additive; CON); (2) basal diet + Megasphaera elsdenii (Me); (3) basal diet + Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC); (4) basal diet + Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus plantarum (FP); (5) basal diet + Me + SC (MSC); (6) basal diet + Me + FP (MFP); (7) basal diet + SC + FP (SCFP) and (8) basal diet + Me + SC + FP (MSCFP). Gas production techniques and two step digestion were used to evaluate the effectiveness of experimental treatments. Ruminal fluid was collected from three adult male Arabi sheep that fed a diet based on forage.
Results: Results showed that use of microbial feed additive improved GP and the highest amount of GP was observed in treatment MSCFP (P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Digestibility
  • Fermentation parameter
  • Gas production parameter
  • Microbial additives

مراجع

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نشریه پژوهش‌ در نشخوار کنندگان
دوره 7، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 111-129

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