تاثیر استفاده از سطوح مختلف سبوس ذرت بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و رفتار نشخوار در میش‌های دالاق

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 گروه تغذیه دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه گرگان

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: امروزه با توجه به اینکه بیش از 60 درصد هزینه پرورش مربوط به بخش تأمین خوراک دام می‌باشد و اهمیت تولید خوراک دامی از محصولات کشاورزی با توجه به کمبود منابع کشاورزی از جمله زمین زراعی و منابع آب، دو چندان می‌شود. یکی از روشهای مدیریتی نوین به منظور کاهش هزینه پرورش و همچنین کاهش آلودگی محیط زیست استفاده از پسماندهای حاصل از کشاورزی در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان است. سبوس ذرت یکی از محصولات فرعی ذرت می‌باشد که به دلیل قیمت ارزان و ارزش تغذیه‌ا‌ی بالایی که دارد باعث افزایش بهره‌وری دام می‌شود. تحقیق حاضر جهت بررسی تاثیر استفاده از سطوح مختلف سبوس ذرت بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و رفتار نشخوار در میش‌های دالاق انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: به منظور بررسی تاثیر استفاده از سطوح مختلف سبوس ذرت بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و رفتار نشخوار در میش‌های دالاق از 20 رأس میش 3 شکم زایش نژاد دالاق با میانگین وزن 7/3±36 استفاده شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تیمار و پنج تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارها شامل: 1- تیمار شاهد (بدون سبوس ذرت)، 2- تیمار حاوی 7 درصد سبوس ذرت، 3- تیمار حاوی 14 درصد سبوس ذرت و 4- تیمار حاوی 21 درصد سبوس ذرت بودند. کل دوره آزمایشی 35 روز بود که متشکل از 28 روز عادت پذیری به جیره و شرایط آزمایشی و نمونه گیری در هفته آخر انجام شد. وزن میش‌ها بصورت هفتگی ثبت گردید. نمونه-های مدفوع و خوراک در روزهای 31 تا 35 به‌مدت 5 روز از هر تیمار جمع‌آوری گردید. در روزهای 29 و 30 فعالیت های مربوط به رفتار نشخوار میش‌ها بصورت 24 ساعته در هر دو روز برآورد گردید.
یافته‌ها: براساس نتایج به دست آمده از این آزمایش استفاده از سبوس ذرت در سطوح صفر، 7، 14و 21 درصد در جیره تفاوت معنی داری بر افزایش وزن روزانه، وزن نهایی و مصرف ماده خشک ایجاد نکرد. همچنین در بین تیمارهای آزمایشی از نظر قابلیت‌هضم مواد مغذی ماده‌خشک، ماده آلی، پروتئین خام، فیبر نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی، فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و عصاره اتری اختلاف معنی-داری مشاهده نشد. استفاده از سبوس ذرت در سطوح مختلف در رابطه با رفتار مصرف تغذیه ای و فعالیت نشخوار نیز تاثیر معنی‌داری نداشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: این مطالعه مشخص نمود که تفاوت عمده‌ای بین تیمارهای‌دریافت کننده سبوس ذرت با سطوح مختلف و تیمار شاهد از نظر پارامترهای عملکردی، مصرف خوراک، قابلیت هضم و رفتار مصرف مشاهده نشد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق می‌توان از سبوس ذرت تا سطح 21 درصد در جیره میش‌های دالاق استفاده نمود.
واژه‌های کلیدی: سبوس ذرت، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی، مصرف خوراک، رفتار نشخوار، میش دالاق

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different levels of maize bran on performance, nutrient digestibility and ruminal behavior of Dalagh ewes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolhakim Toghdory 1
  • Taghi Ghoorchi 1
  • mohammad Asadi 2
1 Gorgan University
2 Dept. animal sciences
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and objective: Nowadays up to 60 percent of the animal breeding cost is related to the animal feed, the importance of livestock feed production due to the lack of agricultural resources, including land and water resources, will double. One of the new management methods to reduce the cost of animal breeding and also reduce the environmental pollution is the use of agricultural waste in feeding ruminants. Maize bran is one of the corn substitutes, which, due to its low cost and high nutritional value, increases animal productivity. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of using different levels of maize bran on performance, nutrient digestibility and ruminal behavior of Dalagh ewes.
Materials and methods: In order to investigate the effect of using different levels of maize bran on performance, nutrient digestibility and ruminal behavior of dalagh ewes, 20 Dalagh ewes with average body weight of 36.3 ± 3.7 was used. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of 1- control treatment (without maize bran), 2- treatment containing 7 percent of maize bran, 3- treatment containing 14 percent of maize bran and 4- treatment containing 21 percent of maize bran. The whole period of the experiment was carried out in 35 days, consisting of 28 days of adaptation period and 7 days for sampling period. Fecal samples were collected on days 31 to 35 for 5 days and 4 animals from each treatment. On the day 29 and 30, activities on ruminal behavior of ewes were estimated for 24 hours.
Results: Based on the results of this experiment, using maize bran at 0, 7, 14 and 21 percent in ewe’s diet did not significantly increase daily weight gain, final weight and dry matter intake. Also, there was no significant difference in the digestibility of nutrients, dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ADF and NDF and ether extract. The use of maize bran at different levels in relation to nutritional behavior and ruminal activity does not have a significant effect.
Conclusions: This study showed that there is no significant difference between treatments receiving maize bran with different levels and control treatment in terms of performance parameters, feed intake, digestibility and behavior of ruminal feed intake. According to the results, maize bran up to 21 percent can be used in Dalagh ewes.
Keywords: maize bran, digestibility of nutrients, feed intake, ruminal behavior, Dalagh ewes

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • maize bran
  • digestibility of nutrients
  • feed intake
  • ruminal behavior
  • Dalagh ewes
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