Effect of glutamine feeding on myogenic genes expression in muscle of male Zell sheep under heat stress condition

Authors

1 Department of Animal Science,

2 Department of Animal Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University

Abstract

Abstract
Background and objectives: Currently, sheep breeding in Iran aims to produce meat; therefore increasing production in this part requires measures such as breeding and short-term solutions such as improving health and nutritional conditions. Understanding the growth and development of skeletal muscle is one of the most important goals in the animal breeding and meat production industry, which can be related to special aspects of human medicine. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effect of glutamine feeding as a nutritional strategy on myogenic gene expression in the muscle of Zell sheep under heat stress conditions.
Materials and methods: Zell sheep cows (n = 12) with an average weight of 25.0±1 Kg randomly assigned fed with different glutamine levels (0 and 0.2 g/kg body weight. Diets were fed for 60 days under heat stress conditions. Sampling of the thigh muscle was taken at two different times (in the middle of the experiment and at the end of the experimental period) with a special biopsy gun with a 14-diameter needle from three sheep in each treatment. Then the samples were washed in physiological serum and kept at -96°C until total RNA extraction. RNA extraction was done with trizol and based on manufacture instructions (Invitrogen). The RNA was reversely transcribed in the presence of 1 mmol/L oligo (dT) primer and 4 U Omniscript RTase (Omniscript RT Kit; Qiagen, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. To ensure the amplification, they were tested using a cDNA and Real-time PCR (model CORBETT 3000, Australia). Data were normalized to a calibrator sample using the 2ΔΔCt method with correction for amplification efficiency. Samples were expressed relative to YWHAZ as a housekeeping gene, which was stable under the culture conditions used. Data was analyzed using t-test (SAS 9/1).
Results: The results of the present study showed that glutamine feeding increased the expression of Myf5 (2.75 times), MyoD (3.89 times), MRF4 (2.16 times), Myogenin (4.76 times), and the expression of Myostatin gene (54 4 times) on the 21st day of the experiment. On the 42nd day of the experiment, glutamine feeding increased the expression of Myf5 (2.10 times), MyoD (2.56 times), MRF4 (2.78 times), and Myogenin (5.25 times) genes, like the 21st day of glutamine feeding. And it decreased the expression of the Myostatin gene (3.03 times) on the contrary.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed, in general, that considering the effect of glutamine nutrition on the expression of myogenic genes in heat conditions, its use can be a solution to increase growth performance in heat stress conditions if the results are reproducible.

Keywords: Gene expression, Glutamine, Sheep, Real-time- PCR

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Journal of Ruminant Research
Volume 12, Issue 3
November 2024
Pages 107-118

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