The effect of high-energy diets rich in carbohydrates or protected fat sources on performance, digestibility, expression of TNF-α gene and some blood metabolite in male lambs of Taleshi and Zel breeds

Background and objectives: Consumable fats in ruminant products are the main source of various conjugated linoleic acid isomers with a wide range of positive effects on human health. Various genetic factors such as race type are considered as one of the effective factors on the effect of different environmental factors on plasma levels, growth, energy distribution between different tissues of the body and the pattern of fatty acids and the chemical composition of the carcass. There are several studies on dairy cows on the role of various dietary factors including fatty acids in their effect on performance and energy metabolism. However, there is not much research on other ruminant species, including Iranian sheep, and comparisons between tail and tail tails in response to different dietary energy sources. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the effect of high-energy diets rich in carbohydrates or protected fat sources on performance, expression of TNF-α gene and some blood metabolite in male lambs of Taleshi and Zel.
Materials and methods: This study was performed in an experimental period of 116 days (14 days of habituation and 102 days of sampling). At the end of the habituation period before breakfast, the animals were weighed and kept individually (6 lambs of Taleshi breed and 6 lambs of Zel breed for each treatment). Control diet (fat-free diet), diet containing 4% saturated fat supplement rich in stearic acid and diet containing 4% unsaturated fat supplement Protected apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, fat Crude, crude protein and insoluble fibers in neutral detergent and insoluble fibers in acidic detergent were measured by the recommended method. The amount of dry matter consumed was measured by taking into account the amount of dry matter remaining in the manger (post-manger) and the amount of dry matter in the diet.
Results: The highest amount of feed consumed at the end of the period belonged to Zell and Talshi periods consuming feed containing stearic saturated fatty acid. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, NDF and ADF was affected by the effect of fat, but the effect of race and the interaction of race and type of fat did not affect their digestibility. The interaction effect of race and fat on the digestibility of crude protein and ether extract was significant (p <0.05). Crude protein digestibility was not affected by fat type. The highest crude protein digestibility was observed in the treatment of protected unsaturated fat of Taleshi breed and the lowest amount was observed in the treatment of protected unsaturated fat of Zell. The highest digestibility of ether extract was observed in the treatment of Taleshi protected unsaturated fat (p <0.05). The expression of TNF-α gene was higher in the subcutaneous fat of the protected lambs of the unsaturated treatment (p <0.05). Also, TNF-α gene expression was higher in tail fat and tail fat samples of talus lambs with protective unsaturated treatment and less stearic acid treatment in Zell lambs than other treatments (p <0.05).
Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that the addition of fat supplement in the diet of Taleshi and Zel lambs improves blood parameters and increases the immune system according to the expression of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene (TNF-α) and thus improves Due to the fact that the best results were obtained in the treatment of protected unsaturated fat supplement, the use of this fat supplement at the level of 4% in the feeding of fattening lambs of Taleshi and Zel breeds is recommended.