Chemical composition and digestibility of Prosopis juliflora pods and leaves and effect of pods in ration on the Performance of fattening Tali kids

Authors

1 Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Hormozgan

2 Animal Science research Institute, Karaj

Abstract

Background and objectives: Mesquite or Kahoor (Prosopis Juliflora swartz) fimily Leguminosae, sub-fimily Mimosoideaes is a perennial, fast-growing, ever- green and drought resistant shrub or tree that planted and developed in the south parts of Iran and is known as Kahoor. This plant can be used for preventing soil erosion and stability of sand dunes. It also provides fruit (pod) as animal feed. The young branches (browses) and pods of Kahoor is good goats and camel. The aim of this study was determining the chemical composition and digestibility of Prosopis Juliflora pods and leaves and to using Prosopis Juliflora pods (PJP) in diet on the growth Performance of fattening Tali goats.
Materials and methods: In this experiment 24 Kahoor pods and leaves samples were collected randomly from three intensive cultivated planted areas in Hormozgan province. Samples sun dried and mixed to get homogenous and then were used for chemical analysis. Also, Kahoor pods and leaves were collected, dried and ground in this study the In vivo digestibility of Kahoor pods and leaves were determined by eight Goat. Eighteen Tali male Kids with initial body weight of 13.20 ±1.5 kg were randomly divided into two equal groups on the basis of age and live weight (LW) used in a experimental design with two treatments and nine replications. Goats fed with control diet and the other group with diet of 28.5 % PJP (30% forage to 70 % concentrate ratio) for 14 weeks. The diets were offered into two equal halves daily at 08:00 am and 16:00 pm hours. The kids were weighted in initial trial and every 2 weeks after 16 h feed deprivation using a suspended weighing scale and calculated their weight changes. The average body weight gain, average dry matter intake and feed conversion ware determined. Chemical composition and digestibility, Feed intake, body weight changes and feed conversion data were analyzed using the SAS 9.1(2001) software and GLM procedures, with two treatments and nine repeats per treatment with using T- test.
Results: The result of this experiment showed that the chemical composition mean of PJP and PJL samples were contained 88.4,42.31% dry matter, 92.61,90.52% organic matter, 13.82,20.3% crude protein, 5.42,9.48% ash,40.3,54.22% neutral detergent fiber, 26.98,31.84% acid detergent fiber, 1.04,2.26% calcium, 0.21,0.27% phosphors (on DM basis) respectively. The average digestibility coefficient pods and leaves for Dry matter, Organic matter, Neutral detergent fiber and Acid detergent fiber is 60.99, 55.74 and 62.16, 57/69 and 56.25, 59.78 and 47.45, 43.05, respectively. The average daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency were 87.28 g, 783.3g, 8.6 and 90.55g, 823.3g, 8.3 respectively for Kids received control and PJP diet that were not statistically different. Total cost of feed and also, cost of meat production was cheaper than control group. The result of this study indicated that the PJP similar to commercial concentrate has supplied kids requirements that can be suitable replacement for commercial concentrate in fattening kids diets.
Conclusion: Results indicated that pods and leaves contain a large amount of essential nutritive material and can used T.M.R. with other feed in maintenance conditions animal rations after drying and reducing anti nutrition materials. Also; that PJP can be used in fattening kids concentrate to 28.5 % DM rate without negative and side effect on growth performance and FCR goats and reduced 30% the feeding cost economically.

Keywords

References

 1.Alemzadeh, B., Fazaeli, H., Kardooni, A., and Noroozy, S. 1997.Effect of Prosopis juliflora pods in the diet of fattening Arabic lambs. Animal Science Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center Khuzestan Province. Ahwaz. Iran.
2.Alipoor, F. 2011. Evaluation of laboratory effects of feeding different levels Prosopis juliflora pods with rumen parameters of Mehrban sheep. MSc. Thesis. Bu-Ali Sina Unirversity. Hamadan. 
3.Abdulrazak, S.A., and Awano, T. 1999. Nutritive evaluation of Prosopis Juliflora fruits and leaves from Kenya by in vitro gas production. Livestock Production Science. 49: 53-55.
4.Abdullah, Y.A., Belal, S.O., Marwan, M.M., Sulaiman, K.M., and Majdi, A.A. 2011. Growth performance, carcass and meat characteristics of black goat kids fed sesame hulls and Prosopisjuliflora Pods. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science. 24: 1217-1226.
5.Ahmed Seid, A., Tudsri, S., Rungmekarat, S., and Kaewtrakulpong, K. 2012. Effect of Feeding Prosopis juliflora Pods and Leaves on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Afar Sheep. Kasetsart Journal of  Natural Science. 46: 871-881.
6.AFRC. 1998. The Nutrition of Goats. Technical Committee on Responses to Nutrients CAB International, Walling Ford, U.K.
7.Anttila, L., Johansson, A.G.M., and Johansson, S.G. 1993. Browse preference of Orma livestock and chemical composition of Prosopis juliflora and nine indigenous woody species in Bura, Eastern Kenya. East African Agriculture Journal. 58: 83-90.
8.AOAC. 2006. Official Methods of Analysis of A.O.A.C 18th Ed. International Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.
9.Batista, A.M., Mustafa, A.F., Mckinnon, T., and Kermasha, S. 2002. In situ ruminal and intestinal nutrient digestibility of mesquite (Prosopisjuliflora) pods. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology.22: 107-112.
10.Bhandari, D.S., Covil, H.N., and Hussain, A. 1979. Chemical composition and nutritive value of Prosopis cineraria leaves. Annals of Arid Zone. 18(3): 170-173.
11.Church, D.C. 1988. The Ruminant Animal Digestive Physiology and Nutrition. 2nd Ed. Prentice Itall. U.S.A. 182-200Pp.
12.Chaturvedi, O.H., and Sahoo, A. 2013. Nutrient utilization and rumen metabolism in sheep fed      Prosopis Juliflora pods and Cenchrusgrass. Journal of  springerplus. 1:598.
13.Fotookiyan, M. 1993. Somr Prosopis juliflora. Journal of Forest and Desert. 20: 20-24.
14.Ghasemi, I., Norooziyan, H., and Askari, F. 1997. Determination of Chemical Composition of  Prosopis Juliflora fruits in goat nutrition. Animal Science Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Hormozgan Province. Bandar Abbas. Iran.
15.Hassen, M., Mamu, G., and Hamza, K. 2017. Effect of supplementing pounded Prosopis juliflora pods on hematological profiles of Afar goats fed on Panicum antidotale hay. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 12: 2017-2023.
16.Givens, D.I., Owen, E., and Omend, H.M. 2000. Forage Evaluation in Ruminant Nutrition. CABI Publishing.
17.Hintsa, K., Balehegn, M., and Birhane, E. 2015. Utilization of pods of Prosopis juliflora, an invasive tree, as a replacement to concentrate feed for goats in Ethiopia. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 27(9).
18.Habit, M.A., and Saavedra, J.C. 1988. The Current State of Knowledge on Prosopis juliflora. (Eds) FAO, Plant Production and protection Division. Rome.
19.Koech, O.K.C. 2010. Effects of Prosopis Juliflora seed pods meal supplements on weight gain of weaner goats. A Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of Agriculture, Unirversity of  Nairobi.
20.Kitaw, G., Assefa, G., Kehaliw, A., Wondatir, Z., and Fekadu, D. 2013. Feeding value of Prosopis juliflora pod flour in the concentrate diet of lactating cross bred dairy Cows. Advanced Journal of Agricultural Research 1ournal. (2): 006-010.
21.Lima, P.C.F. 1986. Tree productivity in the semiarid zone of Brazil. Forest Ecology and Management. 16: 5-13.
22.Mahmoud, H., and Bediye, S. 2015. Prosopis juliflora pods as a replacer for concentrate supplement for Afar Goats Ethiopia, Effects on intake, body weight and digestibility. Journal of Biology Agriculture and Healthcare.  5(21): 42-47.
23.Mahgoub, O., Kadim, I.T., Forsberg, N.E., Al-Ajmi, D.S, Al-Abri, A.S., and Annamalai, K. 2005. Evaluation of Meskit (Prosopis juliflora) pods as a feed for goats. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology 121: 3-4.
24.McDonald, P., Edwards, A.R., Greenhalgh, J.F.D., and Morgan, C.A. 2002. Animal Nutrition, 6th Ed, Pearson educational Limited Harlow, UK. 693Pp.
25.Moslemi Nia, M. 2010. Study of nutritive value and phenolic compounds of Prosopis cinararia and Prosopis Juliflora in different growth stages. M.SC. Thesis. Deportment of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture. University of  Zabol.
26.Nakano, H., Nakajima, E., and Hirataro, S. 2004. Growth inhibitory alkaloids from mesquites (Prosopis juliflora (SW)) leaves. Photochemistry. 65: 87-594.
27.National Research Council. 2007. Nutrient Requirement of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervis, and New World Camelids. National Academy Press, Washington DC.
28.Norton, B.W. 1998. The Nutritive value of tree legumes. Forage Tree Legumes in Tropical Agriculture. Tropical Grassland Society of Australia Inc. Queensland. Australia.
29.Obeidat, B.S., and Shdaif, A.T. 2013. Partial substitution of barley grain with Prosopis juliflorapods in lactating Awassi ewes’ diets: Effect on intake, digestibility and nursing performance. Small Ruminants Research. 111: 50-55.

30.Ørskov, E.R., and McDonald, I. 1979. The estimation of protein degredebility in the rumen from incubation measurement Weighted according to the rate of passage. Journal of Agriculture Science. 92: 499-503. 

31.Ranga Rao, N.S., and Reddy, M.R. 1983. Utilization of Prosopis juliflura pods in the concentrate      Feeds of cattle and sheep. Indian Journal of Animal Science. 53(4): 367-372.
32.Ravikala, K., Patel, A.M., Murthy, K.S., and Wadhwani, K.N. 1995. Growth efficiency in feedlot lambs on Prosopis juliflora based diets. Small Ruminant Research 16: 227-231.
33.SAS, Statistical Analysis System. 2002. Users Guide, Statistics, version 9.1.SAS Institute, Carry, NC, USA.
34.Sawal, R.K., Ratan, R., and Yadav, S.B.S. 2004. Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) pods as a feed resource for livestock. A review. Asian-Australia Journal of Animal Science. 17: 719-725.
35.Shachi, S. 2012. Phytochemical analysis of different parts of Prosopis juliflora. International Journal of Pharm Reaserch, 4(3): 59-61.
36.Sirohi, A.S., Mathur, B.K., Misra, A.K., and Tewari, J.C. 2017. Effect of feeding crushed and Entire dried Prosopis Juliflora pods on feed intake, growth and reproductive performance of arid Goats. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 87(2): 238-240.
37.Talpada, P.M., Desai HB Desai, M.C., and Shukla, P.C. 1987. Composition and nutritive value of Prosopis juliflora pods without seeds. Indian Journal of Animal Science. 57(7): 776-777.

38.Tabosa, I.M., Souza, J.C.A., Grac, D.L., Barbosa, J.M., Almeida, R.N., and  Riet Correa, F. 2000. Neuronal Vacuolation of the Trigeminal Nuclei in Goats Caused by Ingestion of Prosopis Juliflora Pods. Veterinary and Human Toxicology. 42(3): 55-158. 

39.Yousef Elahi, M., Rouzbehan,Y., and Rezaee, A. 2013.Effects of phenolic compounds in three oak species on in vitro gas production using inoculums of two breeds of indigenous Iranian goats. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology. 170: 26–31.
40.Van Soest, P.J., Robert, J.B., and Lewis, B.1991. Methods of dietary fiber neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharids in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science. 74: 3584-3597.
41.William, K. 2015. Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora): Livestock Grazing, Its Toxicity and Management. Journal of Bio Resource Managemen. 2: 49-58.
Journal of Ruminant Research
Volume 7, Issue 2
September 2019
Pages 1-16

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics